Chapter 2: State of the Environment and Policy Response
Procurement systems and implementation
Procurement plagued by inconsistencies in planning needs to be supported by commitments to realistic levels of funding with appropriate support from external funding organisations. Internal measures such as realising value from recyclable materials and the introduction of waste tariffs helps to improve financial confidence.
Once contracts are signed, local planning issues such as delays in the provision of ‘no objection’ letters by other government entities can effectively stop any further progress. Implementation of procurement decisions based on integrated waste management policy interventions can be frustrated by lack of confidence among political partners, stakeholder and entity opposition or concerns, conflict, and community planning issues. Such issues do little to create confidence and attract private funding.
Building the circular economy
Countries in the West Asia region can aspire to build a circular economy, a concept gaining momentum internationally, in particular in Europe. Building an effective circular economy in West Asia would help to drive down waste management costs while providing goods and services to the economy. This would require addressing the barriers preventing the use the recycled and secondary materials. There are many areas where composite or mixed solid wastes could be used for roads, footpaths and general hard core, but such applications are hindered by the adoption of criteria often intended for high-specification work. There are a number of innovative manufacturing processes that can make use of mixed solid waste streams if they are clean. Thermoplastic recyclables need to be segregated, washed and converted to the specifications required by supply-chain users to maximize added value, as indicated in the mechanical heat treatment options in Figure 2.7.4.
See references for Chapter 2
Figure 2.7.4: Infographic of circular economy
Extraction and processing of virgin raw materials
Useful waste
Waste recycling and recovery
Useful waste
End user
Source: Barczak, P. 2015 Residual waste
resources to supply chain
Useful waste distribution Market Return of
Manufacture and Remanufacture
99
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