Percentage
Chapter 2: State of the Environment and Policy Response
Figure 2.6.9: West Asia, energy use per person by country, kilograms of oil equivalent, 1971–2011 100
20 40 60 80
0
Withdrawals by the agricultural sector Source: World Bank 2015
Withdrawals by the domestic sector
Withdrawals by the industrial sector
are likely to have additive or synergetic interactions with other ecosystem stressors, magnifying potential effects. For example, discharge from the growing number of desalination facilities in the Arabian region will result in thermal plumes with elevated temperatures and high levels of chlorates and other anti-scaling chemicals. In the increasingly warm and acidic marine environment projected to occur with climate change, impacts from these stressors may be enhanced.
In addition to direct impacts in the region, West Asian countries will face risks from the global effects of climate change. In particular, many of the region’s countries depend heavily on food imports. Damage to major food exporters around the world may quickly give rise to challenges as world food supplies possibly decline, affecting access and international food prices.
Countries are investing in research to improve understanding of climate change impacts in the region and to assess the vulnerability of natural and man-made systems. This work
will inform the identification and selection of effective and cost-efficient climate change adaptation measures in various activity sectors and segments of society. Especial attention is required for the identification of and support for vulnerable communities.
Initial efforts are ongoing to introduce consideration of climate change and its impacts in sector planning. As an example, Abu Dhabi’s Urban Planning Council developed a plan for the capital region that considers implications from potential sea-level rise. Collaboration between the public and private sectors and effective engagement of civil society are vital to build adaptive capacity in strategic planning and to build the resilience of communities.
Finally, there is a strong need to develop adaptation strategies which consider the cumulative impacts of multiple stressors, rather than considering the potential impacts from climate change alone.
91
Syria (2000) Syria (2012)
Oman (2000)
Oman (2012) Yemen (2000) Yemen (2012) Iraq (2000) Iraq (2012)
Saudi Arabia (2000) Saudi Arabia (2012)
United Arab Emirates (2000) United Arab Emirates (2012) Jordan (2000) Jordan (2012) Qatar (2000) Qatar (2012)
Lebanon (2000)
Lebanon (2012) Kuwait (2000) Kuwait (2012) Bahrain (2000) Bahrain (2012) OPT (2000) OPT (2012)
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