68 Advertorial
“
Must have” in vitro models deliver novel claims support
Growing competition, demanding regulators, and savvy consumers collectively place ever increasing burdens on product developers in the cosmetic industry
Fortunately rapid advances in our understanding of key fields in skin biology such as stem cells and ageing are providing just the insights needed to meet these demands. Translating the latest scientific insights into novel, strongly supported product claims is now more accessible than ever, courtesy of an expanding range of advanced in vitro models that precisely exploit the very latest biological discoveries. Long-gone are the days of generalist cell culture methods used across a wide range of in vitro applications. The last several years have seen a boom in the appearance of advanced in vitro models specifically designed to address a precisely defined cell type or biological mechanism. Using specialised techniques (such as 3D
culture) combined with precision culture media designed to target precise biological signalling pathways, today’s models can select specific cell types (such as stem cells) from within the starting tissue sample, or address a complex biological mechanism such as skin sensitisation or ageing. In most large pharma companies, 3D models are now considered “must have” tools due to the increased in vivo relevance they bring to many drug discovery and toxicological processes1
. To illustrate the continuous evolution of new in vitro
approaches, this article summarises some key features of three innovative types of models that have advanced significantly in recent years.
3-Dimensional Models 3D culture techniques are continually developing, and now run the full gamut from stratified models (e.g. the epidermis), through scaffold-dependent approaches (such as intestinal or mammary stem cells within a gel2
), to scaffold-free methods in which
cells self-assemble into 3D structures without additional support (such as dermal stem cells in spheroid culture3
).
Cellular behaviour in 3D culture can differ massively from that seen in traditional monolayer cultures4
differential expression of up to several thousand genes5
, significantly different toxicity and EC50 . Widely documented differences include
Specialty Culture Methods: (A) Epidermal stem/progenitor cells in a 2D precision medium, (B) Dermal stem/progenitor cells growing as spheres in a 3D medium, (C) Stratified 3D model established from epidermal progenitors
1. H. Ruffner, Novartis. Keynote speech, Dechema 3D Cell Culture Conference, 2012.
2. Sato, T et al. 2009. Nature 459, pp 262-266 3. CELLnTEC precision media;
www.cellntec.com 4. Yamada and Cuckierman, 2007. Cell 130, pp 601-611 5. Kelm et al. 2010. Journal of Biotechnology doi: 10.1016
6. Tung YC et al, 2011. Analyst 136(3), pp 473-478
, increased viability and longevity, and considerable changes in functionality such as the retention of multipotency.
values6
Stem Cell Models 3D methods are instrumental in many stem cell culture methods, and are most effective in conjunction with precision media formulations designed to target specific signalling pathways. With the media and methods available today, it is possible to maintain stem/progenitor cells from a wide variety of epithelial tissues, including both the epidermis and dermis2
. As media formulations
advance, fully defined media are now becoming available that provide full control over the in vitro system, and thereby enable the development of advanced specialty models that depend on precisely designed micro-environments.
Specialty Models: Ageing Results with 3D culture and precision media have confirmed that with the right environment, virtually any in vivo cell behaviour can also be established in vitro. By combining this observation with more detailed insights into the ageing process, it is now possible to create very specialised in vitro environments, for example to encourage natural ageing of cells without the use of acute, non- physiological doses of oxidisers2
(as are commonly
used in traditional approaches). The few examples provided above give a brief snapshot of the kind of advanced approaches that have delivered the leading in vitro models in recent
“
3D models are now considered “must have” tools due to the increased in vivo relevance they bring to many drug discovery and toxicological processes
“
years. With ongoing refinement of existing approaches plus a pipeline of new innovations, the coming years will certainly continue to deliver a continuous flow of novel approaches. By combining the latest models with powerful new analytical techniques and the latest biological insights, strong support for innovative new cosmetic products will become more accessible than ever, and continue to support the drive toward innovative new cosmetic products.
Peter Girling VP Business Development
CELLnTEC Advanced Cell Systems AG
www.cellntec.com
d
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137 |
Page 138 |
Page 139 |
Page 140 |
Page 141 |
Page 142 |
Page 143 |
Page 144 |
Page 145 |
Page 146 |
Page 147 |
Page 148 |
Page 149 |
Page 150 |
Page 151 |
Page 152 |
Page 153 |
Page 154 |
Page 155 |
Page 156 |
Page 157 |
Page 158 |
Page 159 |
Page 160 |
Page 161 |
Page 162 |
Page 163 |
Page 164 |
Page 165 |
Page 166 |
Page 167 |
Page 168 |
Page 169 |
Page 170 |
Page 171 |
Page 172 |
Page 173 |
Page 174 |
Page 175 |
Page 176 |
Page 177 |
Page 178 |
Page 179 |
Page 180 |
Page 181 |
Page 182 |
Page 183 |
Page 184 |
Page 185 |
Page 186 |
Page 187 |
Page 188 |
Page 189 |
Page 190 |
Page 191 |
Page 192 |
Page 193 |
Page 194 |
Page 195 |
Page 196 |
Page 197