Door handles and airport hand- rails are potential applications that would benefi t from copper’s antimicrobial property, since their surfaces are places where bacteria is easily spread.
门把手和机场的扶手表面容易 传播细菌，因此这是最可能受 益于铜的抗菌性能的地方。
To prove copper is antimicrobial, CDA conducted tests to show copper kills bacteria, it stays effective at killing bacteria, even after wet and dry sanding (to prove that it’s not a coating), and continuous reduces bacteria after numerous exposures. The efficacy tests were conducted with five different kinds of bacteria in accord with EPA Good Labora- tory Practices, which facilitates EPA audits of the test data. The tests concluded copper was effective in killing Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is one of the most virulent strains of antibiotic- resistant bacteria and a common cause of hospital and community-acquired infections. The other bacterium tested and approved are Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E coli), Pseudomonas aeruglinosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter aerogenes. During protocol discussions with EPA on alloys that could be included, the federal agency objected to lead, chro- mium and arsenic in the alloys, restricting the presence of the elements to less than 0.1%. Several cast copper alloys often contain higher percentages of these elements to improve the hardness and strength of copper, narrowing the range of cast copper alloys that could be considered in the registration. EPA also prefers all residual elements in the alloys to be less than 0.1%. Michel said CDA is working to adjust the UNS copper classifi cation to include a series of alloys that has a maximum of 0.09% of residual elements. “If someone makes an alloy, they will probably get a call
from me to see if they can get the residual elements down to 0.09% in order to include them,” Michel said. EPA’s registration, based on the results of the origi-
nal tests, included 317 copper alloys, 48 of which are cast. Seventy-three additional alloys were added in the spring of 2011, bringing the total number of EPA-registered antimi- crobial copper alloys to more than 350. To receive this digital magazine in the future, go to
www.globalcastingmagazine.com.
进行了五种细菌的效果测试，测试符合EPA标准实验 室操作，以利于EPA审核测试数据。测试表明，铜可以 有效地杀死耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA），这 是最致命的细菌菌株，其对抗生素免疫，并且经常在医 院和社区感染。测试证明的其它细菌为大肠杆菌O157 ：H7型大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、产气 肠杆菌。 在与EPA讨论合金协议的过程中，联邦机构的反对导 致铜合金中铬和砷合金元素的含量被限制在0.1％以下。 但是，为了提高硬度和强度，几个铸造铜合金中这些元 素通常含量较高。因此根据规定，铸铜合金的可使用种 类减少了。EPA趋向于规定在合金中所有残余元素的总含 量低于0.1％。米歇尔说，CDA在努力调整UNS铜分类， 包含一系列最大残留元素含量为0.09％的合金。 米歇尔说：“如果有人生产铜合金，他们可能会从我 这里得到电话，即问他们能否将残留元素降到0.09％以 内，如果能够达到才允许他们生产。” 根据原来的测试结果，EPA登记了317种铜合金，其 中48种是铸造的。 2011年的春天额外添加了73种合
金，EPA注册的抗菌铜合金的总数超过350种。 请点击
www.globalcastingmagazine.com获取电子版 杂志.
CLICK HERE for more information on antimicrobial copper.
点击这里获取更多信息。 Spring 2012
FOUNDRY-PLANET.COM | MODERN CASTING | CHINA FOUNDRY ASSOCIATION | 59
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