Larynx Trachea Right lung Right bronchus Bronchioles
Intercostal muscles
Diaphragm Left lung
Left bronchus Ribcage Alveoli
A single alveolus
Pharynx Fig. 8.4.2
The human respiratory system
8.4
4. Trachea z z
z z z z
This is more commonly known as the windpipe.
The trachea is made from c-shaped rings of cartilage that keep it open.
It allows air to flow from the pharynx to the bronchus.
5. Bronchus zz
6. Lungs zz
z z
The trachea divides into two bronchi, one for each lung. This allows air to flow into and out of the lungs.
The lungs are two large, spongy, elastic organs located in the chest cavity.
They can expand easily during inhalation and contract back to normal size during exhalation.
Heimlich manoeuvre
The Heimlich manoeuvre is an emergency technique to prevent choking and suffocation when food or some other foreign object obstructs a person’s trachea. Why do you think it is called the Heimlich manoeuvre? Research the Heimlich manoeuvre and prepare a short information pamphlet, including text and diagrams, explaining how to correctly carry out this technique.
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7. Bronchioles zz
Each bronchus divides into narrower and narrower tubes in the lung, called bronchioles.
8. Ribcage and intercostal muscles zz
z z z z
The intercostal muscles are located between the ribs.
The role of the ribcage and intercostal muscles is inhalation and exhalation and also to protect the heart and lungs.
9. Diaphragm zz
This is a large sheet of muscle involved in inhalation and exhalation.
The ribcage is made up of 12 pairs of ribs, vertebrae, the sternum (breastbone) and the diaphragm.
