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ENVIRONMENT


Table 2. Daytime/Night-time outdoor measurement results. Reference Location


point 1


2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9


10 11


Figure 4. Outdoor night-time noise measurement at point 11.


exposed for long periods of time to the noise of urban traffic. Table 2 also shows all 22 night-time noise measurements.


Main findings From the measurements of sound levels outside the building, as well as from the day and night field visits, the following was found: l The main source of noise is motor vehicle traffic, and the vehicular flow is continuous. In the morning, the noise is generated by the traffic of private motor vehicles and public transport; during the night, by cargo transport vehicles.


l The highest noise levels came from the primary avenues. In the case of the hospital, they are two of its four neighbouring avenues; the occupants of the spaces adjacent to the roads that surround the property are the most vulnerable, as well as the areas used by informal businesses (sidewalks).


l Sound emission levels exceed the maximum decibel limit recommended internationally by the World Health Organization (35 dBA), the US Environment Protection Agency (40 dBA), as well Colombian national standards (55 dBA).


l Sound impact on facades. Given the absence of a buffer zone, these points directly receive the sound impact of the roads. Considering the results summarized below, it is necessary to reduce the impact caused by low- medium frequencies on Avenida Revolución, Barranca del Muerto, Avenida Plateros and Avenida Sagredo.


It therefore follows that acoustic protection from city noise should be


IFHE DIGEST 2022


12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19


20 21


22


Avenida Revolución Avenida Revolución Avenida Revolución Avenida Revolución Avenida Revolución


Avenida Revolución/Emergency access Avenida Revolución/Emergency access Avenida Revolución Avenida Revolución Barranca del muerto Barranca del muerto


Barranca del Muerto/Staff access Barranca del Muerto/Staff access Avenida Plateros Avenida Plateros Avenida Plateros Avenida Plateros Avenida Plateros


Avenida Plateros/Pharmacy access Avenida Sagredo Avenida Sagredo Avenida Sagredo


recommended for future designs of healthcare estate. Analysing the behaviour of the noise of the city can help us to make decisions and carry out zoning that promotes acoustic comfort to the exterior and interior of healthcare estates. For example, we found that property can be valued with a zone of values, from annoying to unacceptable, to another of tolerable values.


Conclusions


HGDFF has noise emission levels that exceed internationally recommended standards, so it can be said that there is already noise pollution outside and inside the property. This leads to the absence of acoustic comfort, both for patients, relatives and medical and paramedical personnel, as well as accumulated effects such as: stress, cardiovascular diseases, difficulty in wound healing, insomnia, loss of communication understanding of the environment, among others. HGDFF is surrounded by two primary


roads with high speed and vehicular flow, which generates a direct impact of noise on the main façades and access of the


Daytime


noise level (dBA)


75.3 73.9 71.8 74.2 73.4 74.1 71.5 72.9 70.7 68.9 66.9 67.1


65.6 61.8 59.4 65.6 59.9 61.7


59.9 69.0 61.7 62.7


Night-time noise level (dBA)


73.4 74.1


74.3 70.5 70.1 72.9 77.0 70.7 72.0 67.9 67.4 63.8 61.2 61.6 59.5 67.8 58.2 58.2 57.9 57.5 58.8 58.2


hospital. The information collected from this study can be used by future designers of healthcare units to consider solutions for new construction of properties in cities.


References 1 Berglund B, Lindvall T. Community Noise. World Health Organization, 1995.


2 Wiese C. Investigation of patient perception of hospital noise and sound level measurements: before, during, and after renovations of hospital wing. University of Nebraska – Lincoln, 2010 [https://core.ac.uk/ download/pdf/17210838.pdf].


3 García A. La contaminación acústica. University of Valencia, 1988.


4 Mariconte R, Giliberti C. Noise in healthcare facilities. The 22nd International Congress on Sound and Vibration - Florence, 2015.


5 Rodriguez Manzo FE, Garay Vargas E, García Martínez SG, Lancón Rivera L, Ponce Patrón D. Towards an acoustic categorization of urban areas in Mexico City. INTER-NOISE, 2016.


6 Colombia Ministry of Environment, Housing and Territorial Development. Resolution 0627. 7 April 2006.


61


IFHE


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