WASTE RECYCLING
By DARREN WRIGHT, Country Manager: Uniconfort Biomass and CHP Systems 10 BOILER TIPS
UNICONFORT have industrial boilers to burn almost any biomass - including waste wood from municipal
1.
process best suits waste wood, and how to choose the RIGHT boiler or burner.
FIRST decide which category of wood you have. Grade A wood is described as visibly clean recycled wood waste,
mainly from packaging, used pallets and off cuts. It will have a high value, and can be sold as a fuel for biomass boilers. Grade B consists of mostly Grade A, but with added material from demolition, wood waste transfer stations, and wood working manufacturers.
Grade C is described as all of the above - plus fence products, fl at pack furniture etc. (with a high content of MDF), chipboard and fi breboard.
Grade D is described as being fencing, telephone, and electric poles, plus railway sleepers with heavy preservatives.
2. 3.
WORK out how much waste wood you have per year. This will be the amount you send to landfi ll, and have to pay to
dispose of. Typically, a 1 MW boiler will consume around 2,700 tonnes of wood per year, depending on run hours.
DECIDE what you want out of your waste wood. Do you need heat on site for a drying fl oor to dry RDF or Grade A?
4.
DO you need electricity to power your sorting lines? Or if you have a good grid connection, you might decide
to sell some electricity back to the grid.
CHP requires a lot of heat to produce electricity, so you will EITHER need a bigger boiler or a high temperature boiler to
produce the heat needed to power an ORC, Organic Rankine Cycle unit, or steam turbine.
5. 6.
7. @SkipHireMag
THE right boiler will need to cope with a signifi cant amount of waste wood, to reduce the amount of
wood sent to landfi ll. Choose a boiler that can easily handle high run hours.
BURNING Grade A & B waste wood. Most large industrial boilers, such as our Uniconfort Global 90, Global 150 or larger,
will handle these low grade fuels.
Pay particular attention to the fuel handling system of a boiler, as this fuel can often be large and contain big debris.
Uniconfort off ers dual 9 inch augers, or a hydraulic ram feeder, to handle the largest of fuels. With A & B you may need to have a bag or sleeve fi lter fi tted, to reduce the amount of ash released into the atmosphere from the fl ue.
Your local authority will have strict guidelines on this. It is always a good idea to have a consultant who is familiar with the process, and who can advise on air pollution monitoring.
GRADE C. This is where a specialist WID/IED compliant boiler is needed (WID is the Waste Incineration Directive).
To fully comply with the WID regulations, you can’t simply make changes to a standard boiler: There are fi ve important features to watch with a WID boiler
A) BACK up burner: either oil or gas to start up the boiler, and to get it to the correct working temperature of 850° before any waste fuels are sent to the combustion chamber.
The back-up burner may also come on when very wet fuel is being used, and when the boiler is being turned off . A
companies. Here’s their ten tips to determine which
collection, land fi ll sites, demolitions, and skip hire
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burner to run at over 1,100°.
If one piece of contaminated wood is in your fuel, then it is contaminated. Care is needed when storing different grades of fuels.
WID COMPLAINT boilers will require regular serving so, you need to make sure your install team have the capability to
service your boiler on a regular boiler. 10.
BURNING waste can be a lucrative business, but will require certain
permits and permissions.
You need a process to meet your install and incentive deadlines.
A) MAKE sure you have planning permission for a boiler or fl ue - start the process now. This can take around 2 months.
B) SUPPLY a sample of intended fuel for analysis. We can advise where to send this.
C) START the ball rolling on a permit application as this can take anything from 3 to 9 months.
D) THE consultant will want to defi nitely make a site survey, to assess for air quality issues.
E) ORDER your boiler. Large WID boilers can take anything from 2 months for a 1MW, or up to 4 months for a 5MW boiler.
F) PREPARE the site and install.
G) COMMISSION and apply for the RHI (Renewable Heat incentive). SHM September, 2017
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WID boiler must maintain a combustion chamber temperature of 850°.
B) THE smoke in the secondary combustion chamber must have a residual time of a minimum of 2 seconds.
C) SNCR: The system will need to have an SNCR system to inject the combustion chamber with Urea, to reduce nitrogen emission.
D) THE Flue will need to have a lime dosing facility, to reduce sulphur emissions.
E) A SUITABLE bag or sleeve fi ltration system, will need to be in place to reduce small particulate in fl ue gases.
BURNING and disposing of Grade D waste wood. This is the most highly contaminated, and requires a special boiler or
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