EXECUTIVE SUMMARY G
OOD NUTRITION IS THE BEDROCK OF HUMAN WELL-BEING. BEFORE BIRTH AND THROUGHOUT INFANCY, GOOD NUTRITION ALLOWS BRAIN FUNCTIONING TO
evolve without impairment and immune systems to develop more robustly. For young children, good nutrition status averts death and equips the body to grow and develop to its full potential. Over the course of the human lifespan, it leads to more effective learning at school, better-nourished mothers who give birth to better-nourished children, and adults who are likelier to be productive and earn higher wages. In middle age, it gives people metabolisms that are better prepared to ward off the diseases asso- ciated with changes in diet and physical activity. Without good nutrition, people’s lives and livelihoods are built on quicksand.
KEY POINTS
1. People with good nutrition are key to sustainable development. • Malnutrition affects nearly every country in the world. • More nutrition indicators need to be embedded within the Sustainable Development Goal accountability framework.
2. We need to commit to improving nutrition faster and build this goal into the Sustainable Development Goal targets for 2030.
• The 2030 Sustainable Development Goal targets should be more ambitious than simple extensions of the 2025 World Health Assembly targets. A new consensus about what is possible needs to be established.
3. The world is currently not on course to meet the global nutrition targets set by the World Health As- sembly, but many countries are making good progress in the target indicators.
• More high-quality case studies are needed to understand why progress has or has not been made.
4. Dealing with different, overlapping forms of malnutrition is the “new normal.” • Nutrition resources and expertise need to be better aligned toward the evolving nature of malnutrition. 5. We need to extend coverage of nutrition-specific programs to more of the people who need them.
• More attention needs to be given to coverage data—an important way of assessing presence on the ground where it counts.
6. A greater share of investments to improve the underlying determinants of nutrition should be de- signed to have a larger impact on nutritional outcomes.
• We need to keep tracking the proportion of nutrition resources to these approaches.
• We must also provide more guidance on how to design and implement these approaches to improve their effec- tiveness and reach.
7. More must be done to hold donors, countries, and agencies accountable for meeting their commit- ments to improve nutrition.
• Stakeholders should work to develop, pilot, and evaluate new accountability mechanisms. Civil society efforts to increase accountability need support.
• We need to develop targets or norms for spending on nutrition.
8. Tracking spending on nutrition is currently challenging, making it difficult to hold responsible parties accountable.
• Efforts to track financial resources need to be intensified—for all nutrition stakeholders. 9. Nutrition needs a data revolution.
• Of the many information gaps, the ones that most need to be filled are those that constrain priority action and impede accountability.
10. National nutrition champions need to be recognized, supported, and expanded in number. • We must fill frontline vacancies, support nutrition leadership programs, and design country-led research programs.
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