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7.11 Propulsion control


7.11.1 MASS shall have propulsion control as far as necessary to be capable of ensuring that safe operating speeds appropriate to its situation are not exceeded.


7.12 Steering control


7.12.1 The MASS shall have steering control as may be necessary to maintain a safe heading. Note that ‘passive’ MASS, such as drifting sensor buoys, do not have steering control, but the risk is mitigated by deploying in safe areas and monitoring their position, and maintaining the ability to recover the MASS when necessary.


7.12.2 Note on Heading vs Course Over ground (COG). Marine craft may have control of heading but limited control of Course Over Ground (COG) because of environmental influences such as surface currents, waves, or wind, combined with low Speed Through the Water (STW). The risk posed by potential loss of control over COG shall be addressed by means of situational awareness, using sensor and almanac data or calculations as necessary to anticipate environmental influences, so as to avoid bringing the MASS into a situation where it is predictably carried in an unsafe direction by overwhelming environmental influences.


7.13 COLREG – compliant behaviours and fail-safes


7.13.1 The Control System shall be capable of operating in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 5 and Chapter 10 to a level of compliance with COLREGS appropriate to the MASS class.


7.13.2 The Control System may include a system or systems designed to sense and avoid obstacles. These obstacles may be fixed (e.g. coastline) or moving (drifting or other craft).


7.13.4 Sense and Avoid systems may be deemed necessary:


n When operating within Line of Sight (LOS), as directed by area control authorities; n When operating outside LOS.


7.13.5 The performance of Sense and Avoid systems may be categorised using the following criteria and the ability to:


n Accept externally defined fixed exclusion zones (e.g. based on geographical data); n Accept externally directed control (third party) (e.g. VTS); n Accept dynamic data on both fixed and moving obstacles via automatic electronic sensors (such as AIS, Radar with automatic target tracking (ATT);


n Take control of the MASS heading; n Take control of the MASS propulsion; n Interpret Situational Awareness sensor data automatically to provide the following information regarding any other object within range:oits position; – whether it is a vessel according to COLREGs; – if so, the aspect of the vessel in terms of its heading; – its course and speed, either absolute or relative to the MASS; – its classification according to COLREG (not under command, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, sailing, fishing, constrained by her draft);


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Being a Responsible Industry: An Industry Code of Practice


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