6 Air Monitoring
Methane Monitoring Initiative uses Analyser to Detect and Map Urban Methane Leaks
Measuring methane and other gas leaks from the pipes beneath America’s largest cities will help track preventable sources of environmental pollution. Cars equipped with methane measuring instruments to map leaks within cities is part of a major joint initiative. LI-COR Biosciences (USA), a world leader in instrument systems for environmental research, today announced its involvement in this major initiative of the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), Google Earth Outreach, and Colorado State University (CSU).
LI-COR provides a unique measurement technology - the LI-7700 Open Path CH4 Analyzer - a compact, weatherproof methane analyser. The LI-7700 is capable of measuring methane concentration up to 40 times per second, with high accuracy and precision, on just 8 watts of power (less than that required by a single compact fl uorescent light bulb). The ultra-fast sampling by this device provides unparalleled detail for methane mapping from a moving vehicle, with spatial resolution ranging from tens of centimeters to below one meter.
As a result of this unique technology, the LI-7700 instrument allows rapid and accurate detection of virtually every methane plume the vehicle passes through. This is unlike most previous experiments in methane leak measurements that have only been able to grab periodic “snapshots” of the methane leak plumes, or have measured the methane concentrations in the plumes relatively slowly.
The joint venture of the EDF, Google Earth Outreach, and CSU has spent over two years developing and testing these measurement systems, proving that highly accurate research-grade measurements can be achieved under real-world conditions.
“Accurately determining where methane leaks have occurred relies in large part on the gas analyser’s ability to rapidly and thoroughly describe the ‘edges’ of the gas plume where natural air meets the area of elevated methane,” says George Burba, LI-COR principal scientist. “The LI-7700 determines methane concentrations as small as single parts per billion, and can sample at rates as fast as 40 times per second. This is 10 to 20 times faster than other deployed technologies. As a result, it captures reliable and detailed data needed for high-resolution mapping.”
“The LI-7700 is specifi cally designed for year-round outdoor deployment, and for minimal and easy periodic maintenance. In addition, it’s able to run on very low power with no need for pumps or expensive and elaborate auxiliary equipment. It just ‘keeps on ticking.’ We’re honoured to contribute to this ground-breaking program,” says Burba.
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Building on over forty years of experience in gas and exhaust fl ow measurement and as the world’s pre-eminent PEMS equipment supplier, Sensors Europe GmbH (Germany) has developed the all new Semtech Ecostar product line. This rugged, compact and portable suite of gaseous and particulate measurement devices meets worldwide laboratory grade performance requirements, enabling its use in both test cell and on-vehicle applications.
The Semtech Ecostar product suite comprises a range of individual, self-contained modules, each with a specifi c functionality, which may be operated as stand-alone analytical devices or as part of a fully integrated measurement package. Each module has been designed to maintain its high-grade analytical performance while operating under extreme testing environments with minimal space, weight and energy requirements.
This powerful design approach offers optimum fl exibility, performance and ease of use in multiple real-world applications and under harsh testing conditions. Whether used in the test cell or in the fi eld, the Semtech Ecostar, the fourth generation PEMS from Sensors, represents today’s best available commercial technology.
The Semtech Ecostar system is compliant for the gases regulated under UN-ECE. R-49 and Commission Regulation (EU) No. 582/2011 as well as under CFR40 part 1065. Each unit works as a stand-alone device, with the ability to be integrated with any or all of the other modules to meet unique emissions testing requirements. Plug-and-play capabilities ensure that each additional module is automatically recognised on connection. All modules can be used in off-road applications and other harsh environments.
All components meet IP54 (NEMA 3) standards and each module has a full colour, graphic touch screen for the display of live data, and enabling system setup and basic functions, such as zero and span. A heated line is dedicated to the Semtech-FID, ensuring that the sample is maintained at the required temperature prior to THC analysis. A separate line carries the sample for NO, NO , CO, CO2 and O2 measurement.
All power and auxiliary connectors are rugged Deutsch connectors, while all pneumatics use standard Swagelok bulkhead connectors. Brackets on the rear of each module provide a channel for cables, ensuring that connectors remain protected. Strain relief brackets are included for the pneumatic harness. Both brackets are easily removable if required
Each module is built with EMI gaskets, fi lters and connector caps. Each module contains a relay switch and diode protection. The power supply can be either 110 VAC, 220 VAC or 12 VDC. Each module has voltage and current monitoring capabilities. As modules are stacked on top of each other, the side handles lock together to keep them secure.
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When measuring exhaust particulate mass directly, the full fl ow of exhaust must be maintained at the exhaust temperature, and the exhaust sample may only be transported a limited distance prior to dilution for measurement. To mitigate the installation diffi culties that this equipment imposes, the remote diluter can be mounted at the exhaust outlet and the diluted sample can then be directed to the Micro-Proportional Sample (MPS) system and the Particulate fi lter System (PFS) for analysis.
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New Ultra-Sensitive PTR-QiTOF Trace VOC Analyser
IONICON Analytik (Austria), manufacturer of PTR- MS real-time trace gas VOC analysers, unveils its new PTR-TOFMS series fl agship instrument: the PTR-QiTOF.
Featuring a Quadrupole ion guide (Qi), the PTR-QiTOF achieves a performance, no other commercial PTR-TOFMS system has ever been able to demonstrate before.
Scientists can expect up to 25x more sensitivity, one order of magnitude lower detection limit and 20% higher mass resolution than the world’s current bestselling and up to now also best-performing PTR- TOFMS instrument*.
The market-leading specifi cations of the new PTR-QiTOF are the result of IONICON’s continuous investment in innovation and herald a new generation of IONICON PTR-TOFMS technology:
Using a specially crafted high-resolution time of fl ight (TOF) mass spectrometer including the new Quadrupole ion guide (Qi) in combination with the refi ned IONICON PTR technology, the PTR-QiTOF achieves a mass resolution of more than 6000 (up to 10,000 m/m FWHM), a limit of detection well below 1 pptv (in 30 sec), and an unmatched sensitivity of more than 1500 (up to 4500 cps/ppbv).
This boost in sensitivity is especially benefi cial for cutting edge applications like eddy-covariance fl ux measurements, where ultra-low VOC concentrations have to be quantifi ed with more than 10 Hz. The high time-resolution and sensitivity of IONICON PTR-TOF instruments enable fl ux measurements of biogenic VOCs, providing new insights to our understanding of the atmospheric VOC budget by studying active atmosphere-ecosystem exchange of a vast number of BVOCs.
*The IONICON PTR-TOF 8000 was introduced into the market in 2007 as the fi rst high-resolution Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer. Since then IONICON had tremendous success with its PTR-TOFMS series, selling more than 50 PTR-TOF 8000 instruments to leading scientists, institutions and multinational corporations, predominately in the area of environmental research and food and fl avour science.
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