30 Air Monitoring Local Support for NASA Pollution Field Campaign over Colorado
Vaisala’s (Finland) Boulder office is supporting field campaigns beginning this month in Colorado that will probe the factors leading to unhealthy air quality conditions and improve the ability to diagnose air quality conditions from space. DISCOVER-AQ, which stands for Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality, is a four-year airborne NASA campaign that is studying techniques to measure pollution near the Earth’s surface.
Multiple federal agencies and research institutes are participating in the program, and in Colorado, the campaign includes close collaboration with the state of Colorado and the NSF sponsored, FRAPPÉ (Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Experiment). Vaisala is extremely proud to be associated with this major air quality study, and to have its equipment selected to be part of the suite of instruments used in the study.
In addition, Millersville University will be utilizing Vaisala RS41 radiosondes for the campaign. Millersville University has recently upgraded from its RS92-SGP to the new RS41 system in time for its deployment in Colorado as part of the DISCOVER-AQ project. Dr. Richard Clark, Millersville researcher, has been using Vaisala radiosondes for boundary layer research since 1991.
Vaisala has also installed a further CL51 ceilometer on the roof of its Boulder office in support of the project. Vaisala’s Boulder office is positioned close to the middle of the flight paths planned by the NASA aircraft used for air quality sampling.
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As the CL51 ceilometer sends energy up into the atmosphere, small particles including pollutants and aerosols will scatter some of that energy back to the surface. This energy is referred to as backscatter data and is displayed in the attached image in a three hour long time vs. height graph. An algorithm designed to look for sharp changes in backscatter data is applied to detect atmospheric structures that make up the planetary boundary layer. The image shows a vertical profile from the Vaisala Boulder office CL51 that has been overlaid with data from an RS41 radiosonde flight, and shows the near identical detection of the atmospheric structures. The CL51’s ability to detect these structures is directly related to the concentration of aerosols making it a valuable input for air quality monitoring and forecasting.
“Colorado’s steady population growth, coupled with the unique weather patterns found on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains, often creates challenges to air quality in the region” states Scott Sternberg, President of Vaisala Inc. “We are proud to support this study where a deeper understanding of atmospheric conditions could lead to a better quality of life for all Front Range residents.”
Environmental Monitoring Unit Helps Contractors go Underground in Doha
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Casella (UK) has provided a number of its innovative Boundary Guardian environmental monitoring units for the construction of the new Qatar underground metro system. This is a major part of Qatar’s programme of development taking place in the city of Doha on the coast of the Persian Gulf.
Like many major cities, Doha has a number of local guidelines for noise and dust emissions from construction works, especially with regards to more sensitive areas around the site. Combine this with local challenges, like sand blown in from the desert during the summer months and changes in air quality from high volumes of city traffic, and the contractors needed a reliable, effective and fast system to alert them to breaches to local noise and dust regulations.
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The Boundary Guardian was selected as the ideal, system-engineered solution to monitor and alert site managers to excessive noise and dust levels. The Boundary Guardian can be specified to include the measurement of noise, dust and also wind speed and direction or any combination of these parameters. The system is easily installed as it just needs a power source to plug into and users simply login online to monitor site conditions. The system can be used to provide necessary
reports showing compliance to local guidelines and will send email and text alerts should dust and/or noise levels be breached so that immediate action can be taken. These are the components which set the Boundary Guardian apart as having the adaptability and functionality required for this prestigious project in Qatar.
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The Doha Green Line Underground construction is part of Qatar’s national Integrated Rail Project. The construction of the underground rail line from the Msheireb main station to the centre of Doha, Education City and the Al Rayyan Stadium, being built for a certain international football tournament in 2022. The construction is an international joint venture between the Austrian construction company PORR, with Qatari firm HBK and Saudi Arabian firm SBG.
Neal Hill, Product Line Manager of Casella notes, “We’re thrilled to be involved with such a crucial project. The contractors have to be compliant to mandatory guidelines in particular areas, so the simple design and set up of the Boundary Guardian units are perfect. The units can be moved to where they’re needed without fuss and, since the Boundary Guardian informs the contractors when they need to act, they don’t need to worry about monitoring.”
Air and Water Monitoring Revenues to Exceed $25 Billion By 2017
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Regulations and efficiency are two of the largest factors ensuring the growth of the market for air and water monitoring products to more than $25 billion/yr by 2017. This is the conclusion reached in Air and Water Monitoring: World Market published by the McIlvaine Company (USA).
East Asia will experience the largest growth. Air and water monitoring revenues will approach $9 billion/yr. NAFTA will exceed Western Europe by nearly $2 billion. The oil and gas activity in the U.S. is generating a direct as well as indirect monitoring market. Shale oil and gas extraction includes monitoring the product, the fracturing fluids and byproducts. The processing of the raw gas requires additional monitoring. Monitoring of water supplies before fracturing establishes a bench mark. Monitoring during and after fracturing detects any contamination caused by the fracturing.
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Indirect monitoring revenues will result from the lower cost of energy and the construction of new chemical, fertiliser and metal processing plants. Another positive factor is regulation of toxics. New air regulations imposed on U.S. coal-fired power generators, cement plants and waste incineration operators require measurement of mercury, toxic metals, HCl and toxic organics.
The developing world is increasing its expenditures for ambient monitoring of air and water. This is the first step toward reduction. National as well as local governments are the main customers for these products. Academia and research institutions are major purchasers of air and water monitoring equipment.
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