surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in pediatric surgery 825
table 1. Distribution of All Procedures and of SAP Administration in Procedures Without and with SAP Indication According to Several Patients and Clinical Characteristics
Procedures Without SAP Indication (n=680)
Characteristics Gender
Male Female
Nationality Italian Other
Age groups
Neonate/Infant (>30 d, ≤1 y) Child (>1y, ≤12 y)
Adolescent (>12 y, <18 y) Prior antibiotic allergies Yes No
Hospital with pediatric surgery ward Yes No
Ward of hospital stay General surgery
Surgical specialties Type of admission Ordinary
Day surgery Surgical procedure group
Urological, gynecologic/obstetric Head and necka Tegument Orthopedic Abdominal
Type of surgery Elective Urgent
Surgical wound classification Clean
Nighttime procedures Yes No
Clean contaminated or contaminated
ASA score <3 ≥ 3
Insertion of indwelling urinary catheterd Yes No
Implantation of prosthesis Yes No
Age, y
Mean±SD 8.4±5.6
SAP administered
157 (15.1) 576 (55.5) 305 (29.4)
39 (3.8)
999 (96.2) 823 (79.3)
215 (20.7) 782 (75.3)
256 (24.7) 298 (28.7)
740 (71.3) 447 (43.1)
189 (18.2) 168 (16.1) 147 (14.2) 87 (8.4)
878 (84.6) 160 (15.4)
25 (2.4)
1,013 (97.6) 430 (41.3)
608 (58.6)
1,007 (97.0) 31 (3.0)
264 (25.4) 774 (74.6)
25 (2.4) 1,013 (97.6)
108 13 (12.0) 411 135 (38.8) 161 95 (59.0)
.689
28 11 (39.3) 652 232 (35.6)
<.001
608 177 (29.1) 72 66 (91.7)
<.001
573 154 (26.9) 107 89 (83.2)
<.001
94 70 (75.3) 587 173 (29.5)
<.001
402 151 (37.6) 125 64 (51.2) 132 18 (13.6) 2
0 (0.0)
19 10 (52.6) 643 219 (34.1)
37 24 (64.9) 5
421c 4 (80.0)
675 239 (35.4) 259 83 (32.0)
160 (38.0) .882
664 237 (35.7) 16
6 (37.5) .787
150 55 (36.7) 530 188 (35.5)
- 0 …
680 243 (35.7) No. Mean±SD
243 10.3±5.2 SAP not administered 437 6.0±5.0 P <.001
317 10.3±5.3 41 7.4±6.6
25 25 (100.0) 333 292 (87.7) No. Mean±SD
114 110 (96.5) 244 207 (84.8)
.062 P .001
343 306 (89.2) 15 11 (73.3)
.001 .115 <.001
235 201 (85.5) 123 116 (94.3)
.038
20 19 (95.0) 338 298 (88.2)
171b 144 (84.2) 187 173 (92.5)
.014 .059 .351
45 36 (80.0) 64 51 (79.7) 36 32 (88.9) 145 134 (92.4) 68 64 (94.1)
.013
205 195 (95.1) 153 122 (79.7)
.014
209 185 (88.5) 149 132 (88.6)
<.001
215 188 (87.4) 143 129 (90.2)
.983
11 9 (81.8) 347 308 (88.8)
.421
All Procedures (n=1,038) No. (%)
748 (72.1) 290 (27.9)
1,004 (96.7) 34 (3.3)
SAP Administered (n=243)
No. No. (%)
520 205 (39.4) 160 38 (23.7)
.829
662 237 (35.8) 18
6 (33.3) <.001
49 38 (77.5) 165 147 (89.1) 144 132 (91.7)
.477
342 303 (88.6) 16 14 (87.5)
.026 P <.001
228 202 (88.6) 130 115 (88.5)
.893
Procedures With SAP Indication (n=358)
SAP Administered (n=317)
No. No. (%) P .969
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