768 infection control & hospital epidemiology july 2017, vol. 38, no. 7


table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Patients Admitted in Copper and Noncopper-Coated Beds During Phase 2 of the Study


Characteristica Age, y, mean (±SD)


median (IQR, 1–3; min–max) Male sex, no. (%)


Days in ICU, mean (±SD) median (IQR, 1–3; min–max) Days in hospital, mean (±SD) median (IQR, 1–3; min–max) APACHE II, mean (±SD) median (IQR, 1–3; min–max) Mechanical ventilation, no. (%) Tracheostomy, no. (%) CVC, no. (%)


Urine catheter, no. (%) Bed sores, no. (%) Wound, no. (%) Diarrhea, no. (%)


Immunosuppression, no. (%) Fever, no. (%)


Infection, no. (%) Antibiotics, no. (%)


Colonization by MDR/XDR, no. (%)b


drug-resistant bacterium aAt study entry. bDetected using the method described by Koratzanis et al.17


table 2. Bacterial Species Isolated During Phase 2 of the Study From Copper-Coated and Noncoated Surfacesa No. of Isolates (%)


Type of Surface Species (No.)


A. baumannii (88) K. pneumoniae (8) Pasteurella spp. (13)b P. aeruginosa (3)


CDC group EF-4a and CDC group EO-2 (3)b


S. dysenteriae (1) S. marcescens (3) Swanella spp.b (1)


Sphingomonas spp. (1)b Moraxella spp. (1)a Enterobacter spp. (2) P. mirabilis (1) S. maltophilia (1) E. faecalis (18) E. faecium (5) S. aureus (3)


On Copper- Coated Surfaces


31 3 2 2 0


1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 4 0 2


On Noncoated Surfaces


57 5


11 1 3


0 3 0 0 1 2 1 1


14 5 1


Carbapenem Resistant, No. (%)


86/88 (97.7) 5/8 (62.5)


1/3 (33.3)


0 0


0 0 1


NA NA NA


Phenotype Vancomycin


Resistant, No. (%) NA


NA NA


NA NA


Not Done Not Done Not Done


NA NA NA 0


4/5 (80) 0


NOTE. NA, not applicable; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. aOnly gram-negative isolates, S. aureus, and Enterococcus spp. were further characterized. bSusceptibility studies were not performed.


NA NA NA NA NA 0


0 0 1 0


4/5 (80) 0


Methicillin


Resistant, No. (%) NA


Not Done Not Done


NA NA


NA NA


Multidrug


Resistant, No. (%) 87/88 (98.9)


8/8 (100) 0


0 0


Patients Admitted in Copper Beds (n=20)


58.3 (±16.4)


63 (45.8–73.3; 19–79) 14 (70)


32.5 (±36.8)


18.5 (5.5–49.5; 2–155) 47.1 (±41.5)


26 (18.8–68; 2–155) 14.6 (±6.6)


14.5 (8.8–18.3; 5–30) 14 (70) 10 (50)


19 (92.3) 20 (100) 7 (35) 3 (15) 5 (25) 4 (20) 4 (20)


14 (70) 17 (85)


16 (88.9)


Patients Admitted in Noncopper Beds (n=26)


59.4 (±13.9)


61.5 (48.8–68.2; 31–85) 21 (80.8)


50.9 (±63.8)


30.5 (10.3–72.3; 2–276) 56.1 (±63.8)


32 (15–71.25; 2–292) 14 (±6.1)


13 (10–17; 4–32) 20 (76.9) 14 (53.8) 24 (95) 26 (100) 3 (11.3) 4 (15.4) 2 (7.7)


4 (15.4) 8 (30.8) 14 (53.8) 17 (65.4) 23 (88.5)


P


Value .806


.885 .396 .256 .277 .599 .938 .761 .752 .738


1.000 1.000 1.000 .077


1.000 .105 .682 .410 .266 .133 .965


NOTE. SD; standard deviation, IQR; interquartile range, CVC; central venous catheter, MDR; multidrug-resistant bacterium, XDR; extensively


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