• Contain an introduction, a body and a conclusion.
• Contain two addresses: the writer’s and the recipient’s.
• Contain a formal salutation following the recipient’s address.
• Contain a title or subject line following the salutation and be underlined.
• Reflect a formal language register. • Reflect a formal conclusion followed by the writer’s surname and initials.
Friendly/informal letter While the writing of friendly/informal letter has largely been replaced by electronic media, e.g. email, fax, and sms among others, you should still
be able to write informal and formal letters. • Write to people who are close, e.g. friends, family, etc.
• Write mainly to express an emotion, e.g. congratulate, sympathise, advise, etc.
• Use informal to semiformal language register and style.
• Write in lively, simple language. • Reflect a logical order and pursue an intended point.
• The letter contains an introduction, a body and a conclusion.
• The letter contains only one address, the writer’s, with a date in which it was written below it.
• The letter contains an informal/semi-formal salutation following the writer’s address.
• The conclusion ranges from informal to semi- formal followed by the writer’s first name.
Speech Start and adapt the style to be used to: when,
where, why (purpose), who (audience) and what. • Use an opener to attract attention. • Develop points well and avoid clichés. • Use contrasting tones (and points) but remain audible.
• Use short sentences with simple ideas, using familiar examples.
• Balance criticisms with reasonable alternatives. • Consider the closing: leave the audience with a thought (or two).
• Use visual or physical aids, but words must come first.
• Using notes is optional, and only for reference. • Use language that expresses maturity, values and background.
E-mail/sms
To inform and maintain a relationship. • The recipient’s address – which, in most cases, is the recipient’s name and the server point, as well as the country in which the server point is based. For example, moloiq (name)@ webmail. (server) za (country).
Moloi.q@webmail.co.za
• CC: these may be the recipients whose attention is called to the email.
• Subject: yhis is a summary of the content of the email.
• Message • Sender’s name
NB: The sender’s address reflects automatically when the email is received. The sender may choose to provide other contact details at the end of their email. This is called a signature.
Interview
Written record of an interview. • Give the names of the speaker on the left side of the page.
• Use a colon after the name of the character who is speaking.
• Use a new line to indicate each new speaker. • Probe the interviewee by asking questions. • Portray the interviewee’s strong points, talents, weak points, etc.
Reports (formal/informal) Reports are very formal documents, and should be about a real situation like an accident, a scientific
experiment, etc. • Give exact feedback of a situation, e.g. accident, any findings.
• Reflect a title, introduction (background, purpose and scope), body (Who? Why? Where? When? What? How?), conclusions, recommendations, references, appendices.
• Plan: collect and organise information; write facts.
• Use semiformal to formal language register and style.
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