FIGURE 6.2: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
SELF ACTUALIZATION Cognitive SELF-ESTEEM
Social and emotional
BELONGING
SAFETY AND SECURITY Physical PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
SCARF Model
Tanks to the emerging field of social neuroscience, another way to assess unconscious motivation is through neuroscience practitioner David Rock’s SCARF Model. In it, the elements of status, certainty, autonomy, relatedness, and fairness (SCARF) are viewed through a type of social survival lens. Similar in impact to physical pleasure or pain, our brains have been trained through our many experiences to do one of two things in a social situation: approach or avoid.
Tis model suggests how important it is for instructors to create an environment supporting student motives, and recognize the influence they have on students. Upon considering Rock’s model in this fashion, you can evaluate status using the earlier example of the hokey pokey. Although this game may work well as a warm-up with children, and trigger an “approach” response, it could certainly accomplish the opposite with a teen group. If they feel they are regarded as children and their status is in question, they may “avoid,” or mentally check out. Certainty deals with providing information about what will happen in the lesson and offering a sense of predictability. For instance, asking a group to perform a task without telling them how it relates to a snowboarding outcome may also trigger an “avoid” response. Similarly, outlining the rules of the day and being consistent with the enforcement for a younger audience – including when it’s appropriate to make snowballs, for example – can help students “approach” the lesson without fear. Autonomy can be facilitated by allowing riders to practice straight glides (or any task) at will in a safe, structured learning area. Or you could let students decide which tricks to work on while sessioning a box in a terrain park. Relatedness can be achieved by helping riders feel like they are part of a group. Inclusion is the main point of relatedness. For instance, referring to your beginner students as “riders” provides the sense that they are a part of the scene. Inviting guests to hang out in spots favored by locals is another example of providing for this social need.
90 AASI SNOWBOARD TECHNICAL MANUAL
TheSnowPros.org
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