TEACHING DELIVERY METHODS
You have many options for organizing and influencing students in a lesson. Tey learn how to snowboard by trying different riding activities and tasks. Add information to make the task easier or increase performance, thus developing skills. Te way in which you present the information constitutes your delivery method.
Direct and Indirect Instruction Direct instruction is a systematic method of teaching basic skills by setting parameters of simple tasks and allowing students to learn by practicing. Direct instruction involves a highly structured learning environment in which you decide how much detail is needed; you are in control of the learning. Two common approaches are command
style and task style. ■ Te command style sounds very authoritarian, but the intent is just to define parameters for each aspect of the drill or exercise you perform with a student.
■ Te task style of teaching allows students to set their own parameters. Students are given a task or drill, but they choose the time to try it, when they are comfortable.
Direct styles tend to work best in situations where there is less time, higher concern for safety, or with students who have yet to develop a high level of skill or understanding. Indirect instruction requires more time to develop and may take longer to execute, but because students have more ownership of the learning, it offers increased opportunity for internalizing information. Ultimately, you have a continuum of options at your disposal, shifting the degree of teacher-centered versus student-centered instruction. Tat said, you will ultimately strive to have the power structure shift from you to the student.
Examples of indirect styles of instruction are guided discovery, reciprocal
(small group), problem solving, and exploration: ■ Guided discovery allows students to explore different movements, riding styles, and tactics for various types of terrain. Students are encouraged to come to one predetermined answer (similar to connecting the dots) in riding.
■ In the reciprocal, or small group, teaching style, students help each other learn a new task. Tis consists of designating one or more observers and one or more followers. Roles alternate – either watching and providing feedback, or just riding or attempting the task. Tis style is great for initiating interactions and discussions among the group.
■ In the problem solving style of teaching, you pose a problem or challenge to the group and then gently guide them as they explore different avenues for accomplishing the task. Te answers are neither right nor wrong, but viewed in terms of effectiveness and efficiency.
■ In the exploration style of teaching, students are permitted to ride freely, assuming they are acting safely. Tis style is similar to that of problem solving, except students are exploring the movements in a more natural, less structured and more self-directed environment.
TheSnowPros.org
CHAPTER 6: TEACHING 101
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