Teaching Cycle
The portion of the Teaching Model in which the instructor learns about the student and establishes an open, trusting, learning environment. Also known as Instructor Behavior.
Teaching Model
The model of the American Teaching System that consists of Student Makeup Instructor Behavior, which together form the Learning Partnership.
technical
Pertaining to the details; in this manual, peculiar to or characteristic of alpine skiing.
technique
How skiers move, or the methods skiers use to apply the mechanics of skiing. Different techniques provide movement options for how skiers affect or react to the action of the skis on the snow.
tendon
Tissue that joins a muscle to the bone, upon which the muscle acts and creates movement of joints.
terrain park
An area with a concentration of manmade terrain features.
timing
When a movement occurs (which the instructor observes as a quantifiable element of movement analysis).
tip shape
A component of ski design, which influences how skis perform in the snow. The three primary categories of tip shape are performance, all-mountain, and powder.
torsion
The amount of effort it takes to twist the ski along its length.
torsional flex
The difference in edge angle between different parts of the ski; or the amount of twist present in the ski.
transition
A process of linking turns that begins during the finish phase of a turn and continues into the initiation phase. It begins as the skier decreases edge angles in preparation for an upcom- ing turn and ends as new edges are engaged. Also the curved part of a halfpipe.
TheSnowPros.org
traverse
To move across a slope while balancing on both uphill edges.
tuck
A crouched posture that minimizes air/ wind resistance; the skier’s back is relatively parallel to the skis.
turn
A curved path of descent or change in the direction of travel. Also, the rotational action of the skis relative to the surface of the snow, as a result of muscular effort to change the direction the skis point.
turning
One of the three basic ski skills, as defined by an early version of the Skills Concept (circa 1977). Now known as rotational control.
turn radius
The size of a turn. The sidecut of a ski can influence turn radius. See also sidecut radius.
turn shape
The shape skis leave in the snow during a turn. Turns might take a variety of shapes, such as C, S, J or Z.
tweak
To make a small variation in movement; used primarily for adding style to maneuvers in the air.
up unweighting
A quick extension of the legs that produces a momentary reduction in pressure when the skier’s center of mass slows or reaches the top of its movement.
unweight
To reduce pressure on part or all of a ski or both skis.
upper-body rotation
The movement in which the upper body turns first, followed by the legs turning in the same direction.
vantage point
The location from which an instructor views a skier.
vector
A quantity with both magnitude and direction.
wedge christie
A basic turn in which the skier starts in a wedge and, during the shaping phase of the turn, actively steers the inside ski to bring the skis into a parallel position.
whole
The portion of an exercise line (or progression) in which the skier applies to free skiing the skills learned and practiced in the stationary, simple, and complex phases of the progression.
whole vs. part
An element of movement analysis, in which the instructor chooses to observe the skier’s whole body or focus on the movements of specific body parts or isolated ski actions.
Your Responsibility Code A code developed by the National Ski Areas Association, which sets forth the responsibility of each participant for safe conduct on the slopes and lifts. The code comprises seven points of safe conduct with the message to always be safety conscious.
zeppa angle See bootboard (zeppa) angle. wedge
A position in which the skis converge so the tips are closer together than the tails and the skis are on opposing edges.
velocity
A vector measurement of motion describing the rate of change of an object’s position, including both speed and direction.
visual learners
Students who receive and store informa- tion best through visual input such as pictures, images, and demonstrations.
waist
The narrowest part of the ski, located under the foot.
waist width
The width of the ski at its narrowest point underfoot, which influences edging characteristics and optimum turn radius.
wall
The transition and vertical parts of a halfpipe or quarterpipe.
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