news A
s people move more often and become more urbanised, skin colour may lose some of its
evolutionary advantage, according to a Penn State anthropologist. Approximately 2 million years ago,
permanent dark skin colour imparted by the pigment melanin, began to evolve in humans to regulate the body's reaction to UV rays from the sun, said Nina Jablonski, Distinguished Professor of Anthropology.
Melanin helped humans maintain the delicate balance between too much sunlight and not enough sunlight. The pigment allowed enough UV radiation to produce vitamin D, a vitamin that helps the body absorb calcium, while protecting the skin from the intense UV radiation in the equator. Too much sunlight can cause the destruction of folate, which is also critical to cell division.
As some humans moved away from the equator to places where the sun's rays are not
nearly as intense, they lost pigmentation, said Jablonski, who reported on her research at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Boston. Unlike their ancestors, modern humans are
more mobile. A person with darker skin may move to regions with less intense sunlight, and those with less pigmentation may move to areas that are closer to the equator. In addition to moving regularly, most people now live in cities with limited exposure to the
As a key feature of the face, fullness and definition of the lips are associated with attractiveness, sensuality, and youth. Similar to the skin, however, the lips are prone to intrinsic and extrinsic factors that can dramatically change their appearance over time. Age-related thinning of this muscle, together with loss of support from the dentition of the upper jaw and volume loss from the body of the lip cause the upper white lip to lengthen and the red lip to fall vertically and take on a less averted, thinner appearance.
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A round-up of news stories in the aesthetic and anti-ageing medicine industry
NEW RESEARCH ON EFFECTS OF THE SUN MISMATCH BETWEEN SUN EXPOSURE IN MODERN LIFE AND SKIN PIGMENTATION
sun. Nearly 60% of the people in the world live in cities now, said Jablonski. Most people who live in cities also work indoors, further reducing their ability to make enough vitamin D in their skin. Health problems are compounded when people do not receive enough sunlight, or when they have a mismatch between their skin pigmentation and UV radiation. In earlier studies, researchers found
that early humans had pinkish skin that was covered with black fur, much like today's chimpanzees. The fur acted as a sunscreen. However, following the loss of
body hair — which helped the early humans stay active without overheating — permanent dark pigmentation became a crucial evolutionary tool to manage exposure to ultraviolet rays. By studying patterns of pigmentation and the amount of ultraviolet rays, Jablonski found that skin colour was an example of natural selection at work to protect the skin from the sun.
E Emmanuelle Bassmann reports on the latest findings in vitamin D research, page 18
STUDY LINKS HA WITH LIDOCAINE TO HIGH SATISFACTION Aesthetic impact was evaluated
The Juvéderm® VOLBELLA® with
Lidocaine study was designed to collect efficacy and safety data for volume enhancement and/or correction of asymmetry of the lips in normal subjects requesting aesthetic improvement. The prospective, open label,
multi-centre, post-marketing observational study of 62 subjects took place over 1 month, and was designed to evaluate the aesthetic impact of treatment with Juvéderm® VOLBELLA® with Lidocaine for volume enhancement or correction of asymmetry of the lips.
by subject and physician immediately after injection and at the next follow-up visit (within 4 weeks post-treatment). For the primary endpoint, 83.6%
(n=51 out of 61) of subjects were at the first visit, ‘satisfied’, ‘very’ or ‘extremely’ satisfied with the improvement in their lips following treatment with Juvéderm® VOLBELLA® with Lidocaine. Overall Juvéderm® VOLBELLA®
with Lidocaine as a new treatment option for improvement of the lips was very well accepted by both
prime-journal.com | March 2013 ❚ 9
subjects and physicians, associated with high levels of satisfaction and considered to result in a natural look and feel of the lips.
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