Nautical Research Journal
blocks fi tted at the ends for the main yard liſt s and the topsail sheets. Four small blocks were installed along the top edge for the leech and bunt lines of the mainsail. With the spar in the holder I twisted up small eyes in the ends of heavy black line for the footrope stirrups and hardened them with glue. When they were dry they were looped over the back side of the spar, stiff ened with glue, and hung with weights until dry. Footropes made of the same line were threaded through the stirrups and tied to the spar ends, leaving some slack. T e line was soaked with diluted white glue and shaped continuously as the glue dried, making the footropes appear to hang from gravity. (Figure 7, bottom)
T e fi nal fi tting added before hanging the spar was the parrell, which holds it against mast, while its rollers allow the spar to move smoothly up and down. T e fi tting and its rigging are quite complex, but will be almost completely hidden under the top and behind the shrouds and other rigging lines, so I simplifi ed it somewhat for ease of installation. (Figure 8) T e rollers were made from beads or plastic tube, while the spacers were parted off a long plank that had been shaped like a triple letter ‘B’. (Figure 8, insert) T e outer ropes on one end were tied to the center section of the spar while the other ends were leſt quite long.
T e running rigging to the spars consists of the parrells, the halyards, liſt s, and braces. First, the parrell was taken around the mast and the long free ends tied around the spar. T e spar was liſt ed and clipped into its desired position while the halyards were tied to the center of the spar, taken up through and over the mast cap, then down through the openings in the top to the specifi ed belaying fi ttings on deck. Liſt lines and braces were rigged as specifi ed in the rigging plans using the Dutch blocks, fi ddle blocks, and pendants made earlier. T ey are best seen (Figure 9) on the crojack yard on the mizzen mast; the only spar that does not carry a sail. (Figure 9)
T e other nine spars all carry sails, and there are six more mounted on the stays. T e spritsail, the fore course, and the main course are furled, so that these
Figure 11.
largest and lowest of the square sails do not block most of the view of the deck details.
To make the furled sails I started with a piece of thin cotton batik fabric, the thinnest that I could fi nd. Its off -white color closely matches the scale look of heavy canvas. T is was ironed fl at and pinned to a corkboard. On it I drew a sail pattern that was fully as wide as the spar along its top edge, but then tapered inward to two points. T ese would become the clews that extend out of the furled bundle. T e depth of the sail was reduced by about a third so that, when it was
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Figure 10.
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