2 AND ADHERENCE CHAPTER 26 PRINCIPLES OF MOTIVATION IN THIS CHAPTER:
Understanding Motivation Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
Self-efficacy
Strategies to Maintain Client Motivation
Social Support Assertiveness Self-regulation High-risk Situations
Factors Influencing Exercise Participation and Adherence
Personal Attributes Environmental Factors Physical-activity Factors
Feedback Leadership Qualities
The Personal Trainer’s Role in Building Adherence Program Design Role Clarity Goal Setting
Contracts/Agreements Summary
WITH ONLY APPROXIMATELY 20% OF U.S. ADULTS MEETING BOTH aerobic activity and muscle-strengthening guidelines, it is clear that fitness professionals have a significant challenge in getting people motivated to start— and then stick with—an exercise program (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 2013). From a fitness perspective, these are really two separate issues. There is a great difference between motivating someone to start a new program and motivating someone to stick with a program once he or she has begun. For the purpose of this chapter, and to best address the issues that personal trainers face on a daily basis related to adherence, the focus will be on increasing the likelihood that people will adhere to a program once they have started. In other words, personal trainers must learn to maximize the experiences of their current clients.
TRACIE ROGERS, PH.D., is a sport and exercise psychology specialist and an assistant professor in the Human Movement program at the Arizona School of Health Sciences at A.T. Still University. Dr. Rogers teaches, speaks, and writes on psychological constructs related to behavioral change and physical-activity participation and adherence.
