ACE PERSONAL TRAINER MANUAL | FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING FOR STABILITY-MOBILITY AND MOVEMENT CHAPTER 9
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a. Bend-and-lift movement
b. Single-leg movement
c. Pushing movement Figure 9-49
Five primary movement patterns
d. Pulling movement
e. Rotational movement
patterns for these five movements, using body weight as resistance and the levers within the body (e.g., the arms) as drivers to increase exercise intensity (Gray & Tiberio, 2007). The timeframe needed to successfully train these movements depends on individual differences, including current conditioning level, past experiences, body type, abilities, attitudes, motivational levels, emotional make-up, learning styles, and maturation levels (Schmidt & Wrisberg, 2007).
Although these movements are teachable, trainers should differentiate between abilities and skills when establishing the timeframes needed to teach movement patterns. Abilities are inherited traits that are stable and enduring, and underlie the performance of many skills, whereas skills are developed and modified with practice (Schmidt & Wrisberg, 2007). While two to four weeks is usually adequate, trainers might need to exercise patience and devote extra time when teaching these movement patterns. Before teaching the movement patterns, it is also important to understand certain kinematics within the body, specifically within the lower extremity, to understand the logic behind some of the exercises presented here. An important relationship exists among the ankle, knee, and hip.
During the heel-strike instant of gait, chain reactions originating from the ankle dissipate forces upward through the knee and beyond. To help tolerate these forces, the foot normally moves into pronation as a person bears weight onto that foot.
