not being able to escape from a crowded place. The person who suffers will panic in a crowd, and will often feel physically sick. The condition is made worse because the person who suffers is then afraid of having a panic attack in front of so many other people. In some cases, those who suffer will not want to leave their house. Female voice: That sounds terrible. Dr Carling: Yes – a very serious condition. So, the fifth and final phobia I’m going to talk about is claustrophobia – a fear of being trapped in a very small space. People with claustrophobia will not want to be in a lift, or ‘elevator’, as the Americans say. They will often avoid travelling by train or bus, as they are afraid that an accident could mean being trapped somewhere. They do not like a room with all the doors closed. It seems that people who suffer from claustrophobia can become very anxious simply by imagining being in a small space, and not being able to escape.
Female voice: That sounds terrible. Even if they are not in a small space, they can experience fear and anxiety?
Dr Carling: Absolutely. Female voice: OK, now, thank you for that summary. I think what we really want to know now is ...
≤108 Unit 10 Listening 2
A Read the questions carefully. Then listen again and answer them. What does the speaker say about each of the phobias 1–5? [Play Track 107 again]
≤109 Unit 10 Listening 3
A Listen to the same speaker talking about three more phobias. Match the pictures with the extracts. There are two pictures that you do not need. Extract 1 Voice: Acrophobia is a fear of heights. A lot of people confuse it with vertigo, which is a normal feeling that people get in a very high place. Acrophobia is a phobia and can be very dangerous. The person who suffers may panic and want to escape the situation – the quickest way to escape is to jump. People who suffer from acrophobia will avoid being at the top of tall buildings, and will not like going up long staircases. It may be a phobia that is a result of past experience. Children see things fall and break, and so become very frightened of the same thing happening to them.
Extract 2 Voice: Now, this phobia has a number of different names – brontophobia, astraphobia and keraunophobia. It is a phobia of storms – especially storms with thunder and lightning. It is especially
common in children, but can continue into adult life. People who have a serious phobia worry when the spring turns to summer – they expect there to be more storms during that time. When a storm is approaching, they feel very uncomfortable and even physically sick. Many of those who suffer – especially children – hide when there is a storm, perhaps in a cupboard or under the bed. Adults with the condition may watch weather forecasts on television every thirty minutes to check that the weather is good.
Extract 3 Voice: Now most people are, to some degree, afraid of dying, but necrophobia is a fear of anything connected with death. It is more than a fear of dying. People who have necrophobia are terrified of seeing dead things. They will stay away from museums where there are mummies or skeletons, and avoid any images of dead people. They will panic if they see a dead animal in the street or in a forest, and will avoid watching a programme or movie that shows people dying or near to death. This phobia may be something that is natural in all of us to some degree, but is probably made worse by seeing a dead person or a favourite pet dying at some time in the past.
≤110 Unit 10 Listening 3
B Listen again and answer the questions. For questions 1–6, write: A If the statement refers to the first extract. B If the statement refers to the second extract. C If the statement refers to the third extract. [Play Track 109 again]
≤111 Unit 10 Consolidation – Speaking
A Look at these exchanges between an examiner and some students. Then listen. What do you think about the students’ answers? 1
Examiner: So, were you disappointed when you didn’t get into university?
Student: No, I didn’t care. 2
Examiner: So, working in advertising must be very exciting.
Student: No, it’s very boring most of the time. 3
Examiner: Are you nervous about the exams that you’re taking next month?
Student: No, I’m not nervous. I like exams. 4
Examiner: What did you think of London? Did you get confused travelling around on the tube? Student: No, it was easy.
Pathway to IELTS 1 201
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