B Compare your answers with a partner. Why do some words not fit in some spaces?


Question-type tip: Sometimes when you complete a summary, you will choose words from the text. Sometimes you will choose words from a box.


C Talk with a partner. Mark these statements about the task you have just done (T) true or (F) false. 1. The words in the box will always be words from the text.


__


2. Choosing words from a box is easier than choosing words from the text. __ 3. It is clear which words in the box I should use and which I should not. __ 4. When I use a word, I should cross it out so that I don’t use it again.


__


Exam tip: Choosing words from the box is not easier than choosing words from the text. The words in the box are not always the same as the words in the text. The words in the box that you don’t need are usually similar in meaning to the words that you need. Once you have used a word from the box, cross it out.


D Complete the summary below with words from this box.


different living future believe visiting unlikely coming back future change popular similar history


Time travel would mean travelling between points in time in a way that is (1) ________ to how we now move between points in space. That means travelling backwards into the past or forwards into the (2) ________ without (3) ________ through the time in between. It seems that forward travel is a possibility, but that being able to travel back in time is (4) ________. If a person could travel back in time, they might (5) ________ something in a way that would threaten their existence. Books and movies tell stories of time travel, but if time travel is possible, why are people from the future not (6) ________ to visit us?


E Check your answers and then answer these questions with a partner.


1. How is the second summary task different from the first? 2. How do the two task types test different aspects of your English?


Exam tip: Sometimes the words in the box are all the same part of speech (usually nouns) and the task checks overall comprehension. Sometimes the words in the box are different parts of speech and the task tests your grammar, too. Always read the summary carefully and look at what comes before and after a space so you know what part of speech to use.


The summary will not always be a summary of the whole text. Often it will summarize part of the text and you will need to first identify which part.


Reading 3: practise completing a summary


A do you remember the highlighted words in these questions? Check and answer the questions with a partner.


1. At what age do people retire in your country? 2. How do most people spend their retirement?


B read the webpage on the next page, which gives advice about retirement. There are four sections.


For questions 1–4, choose the correct heading for each section from the list a–e below. Write the letters in the spaces. There is one heading you do not need.


a. Carry on working b. Go back to school d. Give somebody a hand e. Get out more Pathway to IELTS 1 103 c. Travel the world


I 6


6


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