Claire’s mouse lemur 115
2007). Future surveys of the isolated mainland populations and their habitats, which are currently under no formal pro- tection, could identify suitable locations for establishing additional protected areas (Olivieri et al., 2007) and restor- ing forest connectivity to maximize the capacity of the spe- cies to respond to future climate change (Hannah et al., 2008; Hending et al., 2022a). Microcebus mamiratra is also reported to occupy mangrove habitats (Gardner, 2016), and although our surveys did not incorporate this habitat type, future research could elucidate the relative importance of mangroves to this species. Lokobe National Park itself is difficult to survey. The ter-
rain is steep, and slippery underfoot in the wet season, with several ravines and large boulders complicating access and transect placement. Although we were able to place transects in the northern parts of the Park, we abandoned attempts to do so in the south as itwas too difficult to cut straight transects and potentially unsafe for nocturnal work. Future surveys in Lokobe National Park could consider point transect surveys, which would allow observers to use safe and accessible routes when navigating between points (Axel & Maurer, 2011). In conclusion, Nosy Be harbours significant numbers of
Claire’s mouse lemur, an Endangered primate with a re- stricted and severely fragmented geographical range. To safeguard its long-term survival, we recommend: (1)a focus of conservation efforts in Nosy Be on the unprotected secondary and degraded forests, with consideration given to direct household payments for conservation and to ecotour- ism initiatives, and (2) future surveys of the mainland popu- lations and their habitats, with a view to establishing additional protected areas and forest connectivity.
Author contributions Study design: all authors; fieldwork: LDM, HR, ESN; data analysis: LDM; writing: LDM, AMB.
Acknowledgements This research project was funded by Re:wild’s Lemur Conservation Action Fund and the Australian National University’s Primate Conservation Travel Grant, for which we are grateful. We thank the Ministère de l’Environnement et du Dèveloppement Durable for research permission and Dr Jean Freddy Ranaivoarisoa and the Mention Anthropobiologie et Développement Durable at the University of Antananarivo for their assistance obtain- ing the permit; the directors of Lokobe National Park, Gérard Bakarizafy and Landisoa Randimbison; the staff of Madagascar National Parks, Franck Tanasi Tombomanana, Omar Mohamad Assany, Said Mohamad Assany and Joël Tianjara; our guides from the Comités Locaux du Parc at Nosy Be, Udo-Heiss Jaozafy, Tavandra Mohibo Mamoudou, Avilaza, Kadra Odile, Alphonsine Tina and Mohammad; the landowners and village presidents of Marodoka, Antafondro, Ampasipohy and Ambatozavavy for per- mission to access and conduct our research on their lands; and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.
Conflicts of interest None.
Ethical standards This research abided by the Oryx guidelines on ethical standards, was approved by the Australian National University’s Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee (protocol
#A2022/30) and was carried out in accordance with applicable national laws of Madagascar and Australia. Research permission was obtained from the Ministère de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable (#346/22/MEDD/SG/DGGE/DAPRNE/
SCBE.Re).
Data availability The data that support the results of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Oryx, 2025, 59(1), 109–118 © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605324000772
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