ALL ABOUT HEALTH An intro to your immune system
PROTECTION AGAINST FLU
You can protect yourself against the flu virus by having an annual flu vaccine. This stimulates your immune system to make antibodies that attack the virus.
If you’re exposed to the flu virus after having the vaccine, your immune system will recognise the virus and start producing antibodies. You need a flu vaccine each year, as flu strains change from one year to the next and the antibodies your immune system makes don’t last.
The immune system is vital for health. If yours isn’t as strong as it should be you may find it difficult to fight off infections. But what is it exactly, and is there anything you can do to make your immune system healthier?
HOW YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM WORKS
Your immune system is your body’s defence against bacteria, viruses and other germs (microbes) that cause disease.
WHERE IS IT?
The immune system isn’t one specific body part but a complicated system that comprises different organs, cells and proteins. This system is found in a variety of places, including:
• Skin • Mucus membranes (including in your nose and mouth)
• Saliva and gastric juices • White blood cells (found in your bloodstream)
• Lymph tissue • Bone marrow
Your innate immune system is what you were born with. Your immune system also has another part, often called immunity, which develops as you grow up and get older.
WHAT DOES IT DO?
Your skin and mucus membranes form the first line of defence of your immune system. If a virus, bacteria or other microbes get past them, the next barrier they face is special white blood cells in your bloodstream. Your body also releases chemicals
into your bloodstream that help the white blood cells get to where they’re needed.
White blood cells called lymphocytes fight off viruses and other disease- causing germs and make antibodies that help destroy bacteria.
The lymphatic system is also a major part of your body’s immunity, consisting of around 550 lymph nodes as well as lymph tissue and organs such as the thymus (found in your windpipe) and spleen, which helps filter your blood (this is found just under the left side of your rib cage).
Ask your local Careway pharmacist about flu vaccines now (if you’re not eligible for a free one they may also provide private vaccines).
Good hygiene practice remains the best means of avoiding infections2
. S M A R T S T A T 80%
of immune tissue is found in your digestive tract1
.
1.
Patient.info 2. NHS
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