Figure 22.9: Quick-scan of synergies and trade-offs between selected measures and targets
22
Cluster
Measure
Reduce food loss and waste Yield improvement Nutrition management Diet change Manage soil organic carbon Minimize land damage Land Ownership Protection of terrestrial systems Land-use planning Forest Management Access to food
Improved energy access Behavioral change End-use electrification Low/zero emission technologies Bioenergy Improved energy efficiency Negative emission technologies Air pollution control Non-CO2
emission reductions Improved water-use efficiency
Improved access to water, sanitation and hygiene services Wastewater treatment Water quality standards Desalination Integrated water resources management
Sustainable fisheries Ocean regulation Protection of marine ecosystems
Inextricably link to the achievement of target Aids the achievement of target Creates conditions that further achievement of target No significant interactions Limits options on target Clashes with target Makes it impossible to reach target
Source: Scores are based on expert elicitation, using the seven-point scale of Nilsson, Griggs and Visbeck (2016). 534 Outlooks and Pathways to a Healthy Planet with Healthy People
Human well- being
Oceans
Freshwater
Energy, air and climate
Agriculture, food, land and biodiveristy
SDG 1.1: Eradicate extreme poverty
SDG 2.1: End hunger SDG 3.2: End preventable death of children under 5
SDG 6.1 and 6.2: Achieve universal access to safe water and sanitation
SDG 6.3: Improve water quality SDG 6.4: Reduce water scarcity
SDG 7.1: Achieve universal access to modern energy services SDG 11.6: Improve air quality in cities