4 Your Career, Our Future


(IEA 2019a). But more progress still needs to be made on the percentage of women in some types of jobs, for example, their share in management and leadership positions could increase; and the pay gap could be reduced (McKinsey and Company 2018; Zahidi 2019; Institut national de la recherche agronomique [INRA] 2018a;). The chemical engineering industry has shown that inspirational teachers can help steer young women towards quality jobs in that field (Business First Family 2019).


“… more has to be done to equip new generations, especially in developing countries, with the skills to succeed in tomorrow’s reality. In this respect, increasing formal education attainment is necessary but not


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sufficient to provide young men and women graduating from every level of education with the type of skills demanded by the job market in the Fourth Industrial


Revolution era.” World Economic Forum, 2019


The COVID-19 pandemic made clear that we need to ensure inclusive and quality education for all (SDG 4) that supports lifelong learning. This also needs to take into account the different types of access to technology and means of studying for different students, even during an emergency situation like a pandemic.


Moving to environmentally driven jobs such as those shown in Figure 4.4, young people need “green” knowledge, skills and competencies. UNEP, with the Youth and Education Alliance (YEA!) and the Higher Education Sustainability Initiative (HESI), is working with universities,


governments, partners in youth movements, and the private sector to help bring digital skills to the workforce. It is calling on institutions of higher education to add sustainability teaching across all courses, and to give students more applied learning and ways to improve their skill sets. Skills mismatches have been identified as a major problem in moving to a green economy. To meet the qualifications of a green job, you will also need to know the environmental dimensions of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (see Chapter 2, Section 2.3.1).


Decent Jobs for Youth is a United Nations initiative launched in 2016 that is focused on digital skills for youth; quality apprenticeships; green jobs for youth; youth in the rural economy; moving youth from the informal to the formal economy; youth in fragile situations; youth entrepreneurship; and self- employment (United Nations 2019a). This program is helping to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 8, Target 8.5 (“By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value”).


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