E


Identifying a new skill (3) 1. Read Skills Check 3. What is the purpose of a topic sentence? 2. Where do you normally put the topic sentence?


F Writing topic sentences


1. Look again at the essay on page 63. Write a topic sentence for each paragraph of the report. Make changes to the sentences in the paragraph if necessary.


2. Find a topic sentence below for each paragraph. Compare it with your topic sentence in each case.


A survey was conducted among families of the same culture. The results show clear differences for the three groups. There are some problems with the data.


This study aims to analyze the way decisions are made in the family. We can draw clear conclusions from this survey.


G Identifying a new skill (4)


1. What is similar about each pair of words? What is different? • allow and let • force and make


2. Read Skills Check 4 and check. H


Skills Check 3 Writing topic sentences


The topic sentence states the general idea of the paragraph. It prepares the reader for the information in the paragraph. It is usually the first sentence.


A good topic sentence introduces the paragraph. It does not repeat the information in the paragraph.


Skills Check 4 Permission and obligation


We can use allowand let for permission. We can use force and make for obligation.


In both cases, the second verb is in the infinitive with or without to.


Examples: Parents allow adolescents to take more responsibility.


Parents force their children to study. They let them to choose their clothes. They make them to do their homework. [See Grammar reference pp.181–182.]


Making active sentences for permission and obligation Rewrite each sentence with the words in brackets. Keep the same meaning. 1. Young children cannot watch television late in the evening. (children / allow) Young children are not allowed to watch television late in the evening.


Grammar reference p. 182: Using be + adjective.


2. In my workplace, there’s no need to wear a uniform. (company / make) 3. Warm air escapes through open windows. (windows / let) 4. You cannot drive a car in Britain until you are 17. (law / allow) 5. Internet telephoning means you can make very cheap phone calls. (internet / allow) 6. You eat less if you drink a lot of water before a meal. (drinking / make)


I


Making passive sentences for permission and obligation Look at the poster. Complete the college prospectus below.


The studio has a relaxed atmosphere, but there are some rules. All students


the money in a box. Students who are working. Theme 2: Writing 65


. It is very expensive. They clothes and to drink coffee, but they food. They coffee by putting –


he/she must sign the visitors’ book. Finally, nobody , because this disturbs people


Ph t graphy Studio A YOU MUST


• take care of equipment • leave food outside


YOU MUST NOT • use mobiles


YOU CAN • wear casual clothes


• drink coffee – put money in box! • bring one visitor


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