Let’s think about the type of work you have to do every day. Basically, there are two types of work. Firstly, there is current work. These are the things that managers or tutors want you to do today. There is usually enough time in the working day to complete all the current work. But there is another type of work as well. This is previous work – these are the things that you promised to do yesterday, or intended to do last week, or forgot to do last month.
All work begins as current work – your tutor asks you to do an assignment, for example. At that time, all your colleagues are doing the same assignment, so you can get lots of help with current work. But if you don’t do current work at the correct time, it becomes previous work. So today’s work is always current work + previous work. The thing to remember is – do current work today! Don’t leave it to become previous work.
To sum up … Work must balance with time available. You can’t refuse to do work, and you shouldn’t increase the time available because rest is as important as work. The key point is, always do your current work well and on time. Then you should find that you will have plenty of time available without getting up at 5.00 a.m. every day.
Presenter: Lecturer:
Track 3.5
1. Firstly, I’m going to talk about the reason for managing time. 2. On one side, we have work. 3. Some management books say you must prioritize. 4. There are two types of work. Firstly, there is current work. But there is another type of work as well. This is previous work.
5. You could get up an hour earlier, or go to bed later, or you could reduce the number of breaks during the day. Presenter: Lecturer:
Presenter: Lecturer:
Presenter: Lecturer:
Track 3.6 One.
There are basically two types of work. On the one hand, we have work which other people give us. We could call that external work. On the other hand, we have work which we choose to do ourselves. We could call that internal work. Both types of work are very important, but of course, if you do not do external work, someone will be unhappy.
Two.
There are three types of memory. There is sensory memory, which only lasts for a few seconds. There is short-term memory, which can last up to 30 seconds. Finally, there is long-term memory, which can last a lifetime.
Three.
There are several ways of moving information into long-term memory. I’m going to talk about three of them today. Firstly, there is frequency, which means using new information a lot. Secondly, we have activity, which means doing something with new information. Finally, I’m going to discuss association, which is linking new information to existing information in our memories.
Presenter: Lecturer:
Four.
Now let’s consider global warming. Most people nowadays believe that the planet is getting warmer. But there are two ideas about this warming. On the one side, we have people who believe the warming is man-made. We are changing the average temperature of the planet with air travel, car exhaust and burning fossil fuels. On the other side, there are people who say the warming is natural. It is part of a cycle in nature.
Presenter: Lecturer:
Five.
We’re going to look at the Solar System today. Just before we start, I must tell you that there is one area of disagreement. It is quite a basic point. How many planets are there in the Solar System? Some people say there are nine planets. These include Pluto, which is the furthest from the Sun and very, very small. Other people say there are only eight planets, because Pluto is too small to be a planet. Finally, a few people think that there are ten planets. They say there is a hidden planet which is one and a half times the size of Pluto.
Presenter: Lecturer:
Six.
As we all know, the world is running out of oil. If we continue to consume oil at the current rate, there will be no oil left by 2050. Today, I’ll examine this issue of global energy shortage in more detail.
There are three main solutions to the problem. We could try to change our lifestyles. In particular, we could use cars and planes less. Alternatively, we could try to use energy more efficiently. We could build houses and office blocks in a better way so they lose less heat. Finally, we could try to replace oil as an energy source. We could build more nuclear power stations, and we could develop the technology of renewable sources, like wind, wave and solar power.
Presenter: Voice:
Track 3.7
The student promised to finish the work yesterday. I intend to write the essay next week. Students can’t refuse to attend lectures. You could try to reduce the amount of work. Everyone must remember to complete assignments on time. You have to do all the work.
196 Transcripts
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137 |
Page 138 |
Page 139 |
Page 140 |
Page 141 |
Page 142 |
Page 143 |
Page 144 |
Page 145 |
Page 146 |
Page 147 |
Page 148 |
Page 149 |
Page 150 |
Page 151 |
Page 152 |
Page 153 |
Page 154 |
Page 155 |
Page 156 |
Page 157 |
Page 158 |
Page 159 |
Page 160 |
Page 161 |
Page 162 |
Page 163 |
Page 164 |
Page 165 |
Page 166 |
Page 167 |
Page 168 |
Page 169 |
Page 170 |
Page 171 |
Page 172 |
Page 173 |
Page 174 |
Page 175 |
Page 176 |
Page 177 |
Page 178 |
Page 179 |
Page 180 |
Page 181 |
Page 182 |
Page 183 |
Page 184 |
Page 185 |
Page 186 |
Page 187 |
Page 188 |
Page 189 |
Page 190 |
Page 191 |
Page 192 |
Page 193 |
Page 194 |
Page 195 |
Page 196 |
Page 197 |
Page 198 |
Page 199 |
Page 200 |
Page 201 |
Page 202 |
Page 203 |
Page 204 |
Page 205 |
Page 206 |
Page 207 |
Page 208 |
Page 209 |
Page 210 |
Page 211 |
Page 212 |
Page 213 |
Page 214 |
Page 215 |
Page 216
