D Identifying a new skill (2)


1. Read Skills Check 2. How many words are there in each subject noun phrase in the examples?


2. Rewrite each example sentence as two shorter sentences. Example 1: Sentence A: Sentence B: Example 2: Sentence A: Sentence B:


E Making long subject noun phrases


Write each set of sentences as a single sentence with a long subject noun phrase.


1. The mobile phone arrived in rural Africa. It has had a significant impact.


The arrival of the mobile phone in rural Africa has had a significant impact.


2. The internet is used for social networking. This is changing behaviour.


3. The company has developed new products. These products should help the company to make higher profits.


4. Carbon is released from the oceans. This carbon contributes to CO2


in the atmosphere.


5. Greenhouse gases raise the global temperature. This may cause sea levels to go up.


6. The company was relocated to the south coast. This was responsible for the increase in sales.


7. Information is stored in short-term memory for a few seconds. This is necessary for a person to be able to use it.


8. There are small changes in the tilt of the Earth. These happen at regular intervals. They change the climate significantly.


F Identifying a new skill (3)


Read Skills Check 3. Study the examples. Where do you put also with each tense/verb form? Write some rules. Rule 1: Rule 2: Rule 3: Rule 4: Rule 5:


‘also’ comes after the verb ‘be’ G


Using also in sentences Add also to all of your sentences in Exercise E. Example: 1. The arrival of the mobile phone in rural Africa has also had a significant impact.


Theme 5:Writing 159


Skills Check 2 Long subject noun phrases


We often need to put a lot of information into subject noun phrases.


Examples: 1. A 10% rise in the ownership of mobile phones leads to an extra 0.6% growth.


2. The use of mobile phones with internet access in the West has changed many aspects of life.


We could write this information in short sentences. But short sentences are not good style in academic English. You must learn to make longer noun phrases.


[See Grammar reference p.186.]


Skills Check 3 Adding also


We often want to link two sentences with also. But be careful with grammar! You must put the word in the correct place.


Examples:


Phone calls are also expensive. People also send text messages. The internet is also used for social networking. Technology has also changed social organization. Education may also influence beliefs.


[See Grammar reference p.187.]


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