Chronic gut inflammation – a hidden cost
‘Chronic gut inflammation’ in intensive farming and its link to production losses is becoming increasingly evident. Controlling the microflora in the lumen and strengthening intestinal integrity can reduce the need for medication.
BY DR ALIREZA KHADEM, INNOVAD R&D MANAGER C
hronic ‘low-grade’ intestinal inflammation has a negative impact on the operational productivity of modern poultry producers. In layman terms, part of the bird’s feed intake and energy is taken up in a
constant attempt to combat a type of chronic inflammatory response, which translates to significant losses. Another ignored consequence is that the onset of such chronic inflammatory ‘activation’ may be linked to increased susceptibility to disorders and disease like Clostridium perfringens overgrowth. Interestingly, recent research has shown that antibiotics used as AGPs are not only successful at controlling enteropathogens and sub-clinical diseases but that they are also effective against inflammation. The drive to remove AGPs has led to a plethora of solutions that target pathogens, and to certain extent subclinical diseases, but managing chronic low-grade intestinal inflammation has been elusive to prove, at least until now.
Figure 1 – Inflammatory response in the gut days 14-36. 14 days
Duodenum Jejunum Ileum
Chronic inflammation not to be ignored In partnership with Texas A&M University and Mike Kogut from USDA, Innovad is performing cutting-edge research. “Diet plays a key role in chronic intestinal inflammation since some feed ingredients are potent stimulators of the immune response. However other (biotic and abiotic) factors within the real pro- duction environment exert a negative additive effect” said Dr Christos Gougoulias, Innovad’s Director of Innovation. Gabriela Cardoso, Ph.D. candidate at Texas A&M University explained: “The results of our most recent paper published in the ‘Frontiers in Immunology’ Journal, allowed us to build a better understanding of chronic intestinal inflammation thanks to two novel models and identify two novel non-invasive biomarkers as well.” The characteristics of such inflammatory responses should not be ignored as it was discovered for the first time that intestinal chronic inflammation evolves in a spatial and temporal pattern, with the duodenum and jejunum affected early (at 14 days of age), whereas the ileum was compromised at a later stage (by 28 days of age) (Figure 1).
The importance of realism Although experimental set-ups are important in understanding the characteristics of the intestinal
Figure 2- Analysis of Variance for FCR of broiler chickens (Ross 308) fed with a dietary-induced challenge within a real production set-up, incorporating different doses of Lumance.
22 days
ROI 1.8
a 1.7 1.6 28 days
Duodenum Jejunum Ileum
NSP DSS
36 days 1.5 1.4 0 1 Lumance concentration (Kg/ton)
Mean values ± SD are reported; n = 8, 30 birds per treatment. Euro (€) values on top of the Lumance treatments indicate the respective ROI.
14 ▶ ANTIBIOTIC REDUCTION | DECEMBER 2021 2
P = 0.0120 Day 0-35
€ 4.00 ab
€ 2.50 b
FCR
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