Oryx
The International Journal of Conservation
ISSN 0030-6053 Fauna & Flora International A company limited by guarantee registered in England 2677068 Registered Charity 1011102
A non-profi t charitable institution ABN 75132715783 in Australia A non-profi t organization EIN #81-3967095 in the USA X/Twitter @FaunaFloraInt @OryxT eJournal
Editor Dr Martin Fisher Fauna & Flora, UK
Managing Editor Julia Hochbach Fauna & Flora, UK
Editorial Offi cer Emma Sinnett Fauna & Flora, UK
Senior Editors Professor Bill Adams University of Cambridge, UK Professor Andrew Balmford, FRS University of Cambridge, UK Dr Porter P. Lowry II Missouri Botanical Garden, USA and France Dr Mike Maunder UK Professor Jeff rey A. McNeely T ailand Professor Dame E. J. Milner-Gulland University of Oxford, UK Dr John G. Robinson Wildlife Conservation Society, USA Professor William Sutherland, FRS University of Cambridge, UK
International Board of Editors Dr Elizabeth L. Bennett USA Dr Mar Cabeza Finland Professor Lisa Campbell USA Dr Liana Chua UK Dr Jenny Daltry USA and UK Dr Aparajita Datta India Dr Abigail Entwistle UK Professor Brendan Fisher USA Professor Brendan J. Godley UK Professor Rhys Green UK Professor George Holmes UK Professor Zhigang Jiang China Professor Julia Jones UK Ashish Kothari India Dr David Mallon UK Dr Helen Newing UK Sara Oldfi eld, OBE UK Dr Kent H. Redford USA Dr Jon Paul Rodríguez Venezuela Dr Anthony B. Rylands USA Professor Chris Sandbrook UK
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Professor Philip Seddon New Zealand Dr Aby Sene-Harper USA Professor Bob Smith UK Dr Paul Smith UK Dr Matt Walpole UK
Fauna & Flora Patron HRH T e Prince of Wales
President HRH Princess Laurentien of T e Netherlands
Vice President Sir David Attenborough, OM, FRS
Nature Champions Network Baroness Valerie Amos, LG, CH, PC Professor Sir Roy Anderson, FRS, FMedSci Georgina Bloomberg T e Lord Browne of Madingley, FR Eng Lindsay Bury Dee Caff ari Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken Giles Clark Dame Judi Dench, CH Dr Lee Durrell Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall Rupert Goodman Edward Hoare Tim Jarvis, AM Anders Johansson Rove McManus Justin Mundy, LVO Blaine T. Phillips T e Rt Hon the Lord Randall of Uxbridge Dr Lisbet Rausing Sir Gareth Rhys Williams, CB Dr Claudio Segré T e Rt Hon Mark Simmonds Victoria Stack Jon L. Stryker Andrew Sykes Edward van Cutsem Antonio Versace
Open access and publication charges Oryx (ISSN 0030-6053) is published six times per year (one volume per annum) in January, March, May, July, September and November. As a gold open access journal, Oryx is published without access restrictions and receives no subscription revenue. T e costs of publication are partially covered by an article processing charge levied upon authors, their funding bodies or institutions. T e 2024 charge is GBP 2,320/ USD 3,450 for Articles, Reviews and Forum Articles (GBP 975/USD 1,475 for Short Communications). No charge is payable for Conservation News items, Letters, Letter Responses, Book Reviews or Editorials. Members of Fauna & Flora International receive a 15% discount on the article processing charge. Oryx is committed to supporting all conservationists, and discounts and waivers are available to authors unable to pay the full article processing charge. For full details visit
oryxthejournal.org/authors/guidelines-for-authors/#open-access.
Fauna & Flora Oryx member subscription Oryx membership of Fauna & Flora starts from GBP 45 per year for concessions and GBP 100 for other mem- bers (or equivalent price in USD/EUR). For more information about Fauna & Flora Oryx membership visit fauna-fl
ora.org/appeals/oryx.
Internet access T is journal is freely available to read on Cambridge Core at
cambridge.org/oryx. For other Press titles access
cambridge.org.
Richard Walker, OBE Charles Whitbread, DL Dr Adrian Wilson Nigel Winser T e Rt Hon Baroness Young of Old Scone
Council Chair Stephen Fitzgerald, AO Vice Chair David Gibson Treasurer Martin Tyler
Jeff rey Blumberg Anna Gavazzi Abshiro Halake Tony Juniper, CBE Christine Lloyd Hernán González Merlani Miguel Nogales Dr Liz Rogers Hugh Sloane Tola St. Matthew-Daniel Kimberly Stewart Dominic Waughray Professor Joanne Webster, FLS, FRSB
Chief Executive Offi cer Kristian Teleki
US Board of Directors President Professor Sandra Knapp, OBE Secretary Diana van de Kamp Treasurer Lorenzo Nogales
Diane Alfano Sara Andersen Millie Kerr Tola St. Matthew-Daniel Rayne Sullivan
Australian Board of Directors Chairman Michael Forsdick
Dr Chloe Buiting Dr Angela Dwyer Liz Ann MacGregor Kristian Teleki
Submission of manuscripts Guidelines for authors are available online at
oryxthejournal.org/authors/guidelines-for-authors. Manuscripts should be submitted at
mc.manuscriptcentral.com/oryx.
Back volumes Print copies of the current volume and two previous volumes can be obtained from Cambridge University Press at Cambridge University Press, Journals Fulfi lment Department, University Printing House, Shaſt esbury Road, Cambridge, CB2 8BS, UK; or in the USA, Canada and Mexico: Journals Fulfi lment Department, Cambridge University Press, 1 Liberty Plaza, Floor 20, New York, NY, 10006, USA. Requests for previous volumes should be directed to the editorial offi ce at oryx@fauna-fl
ora.org.
board. FSC is an independent, nongovernmental, not-for-profi t organization established to promote the responsible management of the world’s forests. Please see
fsc.org for more information. Printed in the UK by Henry Ling Limited, T e Dorset Press, Dorchester, DT1 1HD.
Paper and printing Oryx is printed on FSC™-certifi ed paper and cover
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