Progress test 4 a Students disagree with
lecturers here. In fact, the lecturers seem to encourage it! This is not acceptable in my country.
b You speak German to live in Germany. Almost everyone speaks English. e d
Units 3 & 4
Read what six students say about moving to a different country. Complete their sentences with an appropriate modal verb.
When I ask for directions, nobody understands me. I
be saying it wrong.
When you arrive at the airport you fill out an immigration
form. It’s the law.
c
The food here is awful. I don’t think people in this country
cook!
f
People text and chat on their phones during lectures here. They
allowed – it’s so disrespectful!
be
5
You are preparing for a seminar on ‘Cultural differences at work’. Follow the steps from section 4A to effectively read part of an online article below. Make notes on any relevant information.
Beginning with a slightly abstract difference, older workers will often define themselves by their profession, seeing their job as fundamental to who they are and their place in the world. On the contrary, younger workers are more likely to regard their job as just one, albeit important, aspect of their lives. This attitude is likely to be caused by the more transient nature of employment among the younger generation.
Generational differences in the workplace
While certain cultural differences in the workplace are much discussed, some are not. Probably the most publicly- known cultural differences are connected with nationality or ethnicity, while gender differences also feature heavily in the literature. Much less spoken about, however, are the challenges caused by varying values and expectations between workers of different ages.
Perhaps connected with the phenomenon described above are the varying expectations around time spent in the office and productivity. These different expectations come into focus sharply when comparing older and younger managers. While a manager from an older generation will tend to be impressed by employees who spend long hours at their desk, younger managers are more concerned with the productivity of their staff, regardless of where that work is being done. With this in mind, it is unsurprising that working from home and teleworking are more accepted practices among the younger generations. And this is a central aspect of the final cultural difference discussed here – the expectation of flexibility. While older workers tend to accept the conditions in which they work, their younger counterparts expect a higher degree of freedom and flexibility with which to achieve a work-life balance.
English for the 21st Century • Units 3 & 4 Progress test 69
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