Unit 1 A STUDY SKILLS: USING AN ENGLISH–ENGLISH DICTIONARY


A good English–English dictionary written specially for English language students can offer far more information than just a definition. The information in online and paper versions of dictionaries for English language learners is basically the same, with the extra benefit of being able to hear the pronunciation of a word if you use the online version.


1 Look at the dictionary entry. What information can you get from it?


establishment 1 (noun, countable; formal) an organization or institution, for example, a shop, hotel or other business | He lives in an establishment for retired people on the seafront in Brighton.


2 the establishment/Establishment (noun, singular) the group of people in society or in a professional group that have power | Her unusual views have got her into trouble with the medical establishment. | As usual, the Establishment is doing all it can to block change.


3 (noun, uncountable) the act of starting an organization or system | He left money for the establishment of the first school for girls in the city.


2


Dictionaries can also give useful information about which verb form to use when one verb follows another. Look up the verbs in bold and choose the correct form for the second verb.


a Her parents advised Sara train / to train / training as a nurse. b I try to avoid to drive / that I drive / driving through the town centre at this time of day. c The school has banned pupils to bring / that they bring / from bringing tablets into class. d His grandfather encouraged Salah to study / that he study / for studying hard. e Teachers used to force pupils to write / writing / that they write with their right hand. f We risk to go / that we go / going out of business if we continue spending so much money.


C21 skills


22


English for the 21st


Century • Unit 1


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