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Breaking Ground in Geological Specimen Studies
New Digital Hand Held Refractometer ITT Analytics launches the Bellingham + StanleyÆ
OPTi digital hand held refractometer in both single and
dual scale formats. Designed and manufactured in the UK as highly reliable premium quality instruments, the OPTi refractometer is suitable for use in the harshest of environments across a wide application scope. OPTi refractometers are constructed using the latest manufacturing techniques including that of stainless steel injection moulding to construct the easy to clean prism dish, ultrasonic welding to bond the housings and a
rubberised switch membrane to further protect the instrument against moisture ingress and excess wear. The OPTi refractometer may be used to control the dissolved solids or blend ratios of a multitude of product types ranging from fresh fruit, beverages and jams right through to industrial chemicals such as engineering fluids, cleaning surfactants and glycols. OPTi Duo refractometers have the advantage of two pre- programmed scales offering versatility in applications where a second product type is commonly measured such as diesel exhaust fluid (Adblue®
recognised scale. Bellingham + Stanley®
) and antifreeze within the automotive service industry or in viniculture, where a regional unit is often supported by an internationally manufacture premium grade laboratory instrumentation including the World leading RFM300+ series
of refractometers and ADP400 polarimeters as well as supplying a full range of UKAS Certified Reference Materials traceable to NIST or PTB manufactured in accordance with ISO17025:2005.
Circle no. 396 ADVERTORIAL
Linkam Scientific Instruments report the use of their 1400°C high temperature stage to study silicate melt inclusions in the Fluids Research Group of the Geosciences Department at Virginia Tech.
Researchers in the Fluids Research Group at Virginia Tech are concerned with the distribution, properties and role of fluids in and on the Earth, from its surface to its deep interior. One of the research goals is to understand how volcanoes erupt.
The volatile content of a magma chamber beneath a volcano is of paramount importance because it determines the energy of the volcanic eruption. If the volatile content of the magma beneath a volcano can be predicted, then it is possible to predict the style of future eruptions and use this information in risk assessments.
The only direct way to determine what the volatile content in the magma chamber was before an eruption is by measuring the volatile content in melt inclusions (MI). It is only possible to determine the volatile content of the MI if it remains as a homogeneous quenched melt (glass) as it cools following eruption from the magma chamber. Unfortunately, MI are often found partially or totally recrystallised.
Thus, with some exceptions, one cannot analyse a MI to obtain a representative composition of the volatile content of the melt. However, a crystallised melt inclusion can be heated in a controllable temperature stage to re-melt the contents and then rapidly quench the MI to a homogenous glassy state. In this process, the volatiles are dissolved back into the melt and the quenched glass will have the same volatile abundance as it did at the moment of entrapment in the magma chamber.
Professor Bob Bodnar acquired the very first prototype Linkam high temperature X-Y stage for the Fluids Research Laboratory at Virginia Tech about 15 years ago and has pioneered its use in many papers in the intervening years. Used in conjunction with other techniques to homogenise samples, the current Linkam TS1400 X-Y stages provide a number of experimental advantages over other stages or test methods. The group also uses the Linkam THMS600 stages, one in conjunction with a JY Horiba Raman spectrometer.
The Linkam TS1400 X-Y stage has a ceramic tube heater which completely encases the sample in a uniform temperature controlled environment enabling high accuracy control up to 1400°C within a gas sealed chamber. Samples are mounted on a sapphire sample slide that can be moved up to 6mm in X and Y directions to better explore the sample.
Fluid inclusion geologists (like the Bodnar Group) and material scientists interested in high speed quench cooling can add a special manipulator that enables rapid transfer from the heater to a much colder platform resulting in ultra-fast cooling rates of up to 240°C per second.
Circle no. 397
Immersion Coolers from Huber - for Flexible Cooling Solutions down to -100°C
With their range of Immersion Coolers, Huber Kältemaschinenbau offers a flexible solution for a variety of cooling applications. Easy to use with compact housing makes these immersion coolers ideally suited to quick liquid cooling for heating thermostats or as a substitute for dry ice. Immersion coolers offer an environmentally friendly cooling alternative by reducing consumption of tap water.
Selected models are equipped with a LED Display for set-point indication and have a temperature stability of +/- 0.5 K. All models come with the option of a coil or flexible evaporator, made of stainless steel for cooling liquids in nearly all vessels.
With cooling capacities up to 300 watts for working temperatures from -100°C to +100°C.
More information can be found on the website, or in the new 2011/12 catalogue which can be downloaded at
www.huber-online.com or requested free by calling +49 (0) 781 9603 123 or emailing
info@huber-online.com.
Circle no. 398
Improved Low Cost Heating Bath Thermostats for Temperature Control in the Laboratory
The MPC range offers low cost heating thermostats with polycarbonate baths (up to +100°C) or insulated stainless steel baths (up to +200°C). The bath volumes are from 6 to 25 litres. The MPC's reach a stability of +-0.05°C and are fitted with over temperature and low level protection, meeting safety class III/FL (DIN 12876). An efficient pressure/suction pump guarantees optimum circulation and temperature homogeneity within the bath. The optional pump adapter enables operation for external closed applications. The improved MPC thermostats now feature a 4 digit temperature display with a resolution of 0.1°C.
The mechanical over temperature setting has been replaced by a digital LED Display. In addition the models have been fitted with the option to set the temperature control mode (internal/process). All models are available as ‘Advanced Versions’ featuring an RS232 interface and external Pt100 sensor connection. For more information download the catalogue at
www.huber-online.com
Circle no. 399 Circle no. 400
LAB ASIA - MAY/JUNE 2011 - LABORATORY PRODUCTS
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