motor abnormalities, physical examination in, 88 MOVE! program, 179–180


multicomponent interventions, 166–180, 183, 254. See also treat- ment interventions cognitive-behavioral therapy in, 224 counseling in, 65, 220 in Diabetes Prevention Program, 166, 167–174 diet in, 65, 166–180, 183, 187, 254 and physical activity, 205, 208 drug therapy in, 65, 166, 167 and physical activity, 209, 212


evidence-based guidelines on, 65, 166–167, 183, 220 in Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study, 174 interprofessional team in, 334–343 in Look AHEAD, 166, 175–179 physical activity in, 65, 195, 254 and diet, 205, 208 and drug therapy, 209, 212 in primary care, 342 in private payer health insurance, 350 service line models in, 342 surgery in, 65, 167 US Preventive Services Task Force on, 166, 167, 350


muscles


lipid accumulation in, 20 in sarcopenia, 19, 82, 203


strength and resistance training for. See strength and resis- tance training


MyFitnessPal app, 322 N


naltrexone and bupropion, 31, 256t, 257 National Academies of Sciences, 99 National Academy of Medicine, 18, 59, 68, 358 National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance, 238 National Cancer Institute, 173


National Center on Health, Physical Activity, and Disability, 210b, 211b, 212


National Diabetes Prevention Program, 174 National Eating Disorders Association, 304


National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 16, 18, 104, 122


National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 173 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 301 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Body Weight Planner, 100–102, 101f, 182, 183b Diabetes Prevention Program funded by, 167, 174 Look AHEAD study funded by, 175


National Quality Forum, 69 National Strength and Conditioning Association, 337 National Weight Control Registry, 16, 104, 274, 276, 277 neck circumference measurement in obstructive sleep apnea, 87 need, in change talk, 234–35, 234b neighborhood built environment of, 30 food access and availability in, 27, 30, 35, 107–108 physical activity options in, 29, 30, 35 assessment of, 128–132, 134–135 socioeconomic status affecting, 29, 30


walkability affecting, 30, 129, 130, 277, 278 in weight maintenance, 277–278


Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale, 130 neuropathy, physical examination in, 88 neuropeptide Y, 10, 11f neurotransmitters in hunger, 12, 12b Newest Vital Sign, 155, 158t night eating, 83, 148, 288 acceptance-based behavioral therapy in, 231 drug therapy in, 260 questionnaire in assessment of, 149, 154, 157t


Night Eating Questionnaire, 149, 154, 157t nondieting interventions, 237–243 active embodiment in, 240 attuned eating in, 239–240 empirical support of, 242–243 Health at Every Size in, 238–239 intuitive eating in, 237–238 meditation in, 240 mindful eating in, 237 population considerations in, 243 rejecting diet culture in, 240–241 respect and positivity in, 241 social support in, 241 treatment format and structure in, 242 unconditional permission to eat in, 240 as weight-neutral or weight-inclusive, 52–53


nonexercise activity thermogenesis, 8 NOVA food classification system, 108, 273, 273b nutrition, 98–112, 182–190. See also diet nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered, 336 Nutrition Environment Measures Survey, 108


O


OARS strategy, 232–233, 233b obesity


bias and stigma in, 44–53. See also weight bias and stigma characteristics of, compared to eating disorders, 289, 289b


as chronic disease, 270–282. See also chronic disease, obe- sity as


co-occurrence with eating disorders, 288–291 definition of, 2–3, 20 body mass index in, 2–3, 3t, 18, 80


and depression, 20, 145–146, 147 evidence-based treatment guidelines in, 59–65 family history of, 84 and health inequities, 26–37 medical issues in, 19–23. See also medical issues origin of term, 80 paradox in protective effect of, 23 prevalence of. See prevalence of obesity risk factors for, 81f severe. See class 3 obesity in transgender patients, 90, 91b treatment interventions in. See treatment interventions waist circumference in, 2, 3t, 80


Obesity Action Coalition, 51 Obesity Medicine Association, 340b, 341 obesity paradox, 23


INDEX 383


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