energy expenditure in, 100–101 in Look AHEAD, 175, 176


in pregnancy, 19 and readiness for change, 107b, 154 realistic expectations in, 35, 275 shared decision-making on, 69, 70 in weight-inclusive or weight-neutral approaches, 53


grazing, 83, 149, 303 grip strength, 110b group setting acceptance-based behavioral therapy in, 229, 246 cognitive-behavioral therapy in, 224 Health at Every Size in, 241, 242 nondiet interventions in, 241, 242 patient-centered care in, 72–73 social support in, 241, 338 technology use in, 246


growth hormone deficiency, 84


guided self-help cognitive-behavioral therapy, in binge eating disorder, 299, 301


gynecologic abnormalities, 20, 21f H


Harris-Benedict equations, 99 Hawaiian Natives, 32


head and face examination, 87, 110b moon face appearance in, 87, 87f


health


inequities in, 26–37 and actionable strategies for achieving equity, 34–37 assessment of, 34–35, 37 in health education materials, 35–36 social determinants of, 27–30, 34–35 in systemic barriers, 30–34 in weight bias and stigma, 37 medical issues affecting. See medical issues obesity affecting, 19–23, 84, 86 bariatric surgery in, 90–92 mortality risk in, 20, 21f


physical activity affecting, 200–204


social determinants of, 27–30, 34–35. See also social determi- nants of health weight as indicator of, 238, 240–241 weight loss affecting, 167, 172, 253, 267, 274, 275


Health at Every Size, 53, 237, 238–243 compared to other approaches, 239f, 242 empirical support of, 242–243 population considerations in, 243, 245 tools and strategies in, 239–241 treatment format and structure in, 242


health behaviors, 151–154 built environment affecting, 30. See also built environment counseling for change in, 220–250 determinants of, 27–30, 135 internalization of weight bias and stigma affecting, 48, 151 motivation and readiness to change in, 153–154, 158t physical activity in, 135, 153 questionnaires in assessment of, 151–154, 158t–159t racial and ethnic biases on, 33, 34


378 INDEX


sleep in, 152–153, 159t sociocultural factors affecting, 108–109, 135 substance use in, 152, 158t in weight-inclusive or weight-neutral interventions, 53


health care


avoidance of, in weight bias and stigma, 37, 46, 50, 53, 151, 291, 334


barriers in access to. See barriers in access to health care in Chronic Care Model, 279, 280b insurance coverage for, 346–362 modes of care delivery in, 278 payment structures for services in, 352–358 primary care in. See primary care service line models in, 342 shared medical appointments in, 342, 361b technology use in. See technology use weight bias and stigma in, 291–292 as barrier in access to services, 359 and health care avoidance, 37, 46, 50, 53, 151, 291, 334 patient experiences with, 50, 291 prevention and reduction of, 36, 37, 51–53, 291


health care facilities design for overweight or obese patients, 50, 51, 360b reading materials in, 35–36, 50


health care providers actionable strategies for achieving equity in care, 34–36


education and training of. See education of health care providers


in interprofessional teams, 334–343 in patient-centered care, 67–76 and patient relationship. See patient–provider relationship payment structures for services, 352–358 physical activity resources for, 208, 210b–211b, 212–213 practice tips on disordered eating, 307, 308b in professionally delivered interventions, 292, 294–299 race and ethnicity of, 32, 36 racial and ethnic bias of, 33–34 readability of patient education materials from, 35–36 shared medical appointments with, 342, 361b weight bias of, 49–51, 151, 291 as barrier in access to services, 359 intersection with racial/ethnic bias, 33–34 patient experiences in, 50, 291 prevention and reduction of, 36, 37, 51–53, 52b, 291


Health Eating Index, 104 health insurance coverage, 346–362 for bariatric surgery, 347, 348, 350 as barrier to health care access, 31, 359–360 body mass index criteria in, 45, 51, 347, 348 CPT codes in, 352–353, 353b, 359b, 360 for drug therapy, 258, 347, 348, 350 in Medicaid. See Medicaid medical necessity requests in, 354 in Medicare. See Medicare payment structures in, 352–358 policy levers for improvements in, 350–352 for primary care, 341, 342 in Medicare, 347, 348, 352, 353 in private payer plans, 346, 348, 350, 351–352 role of benefits consultants in, 352


in state employee health plans. See state employee health plans


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