advertising, promotions, and mar- keting occupations are another area with- in the field. And as with any other organi- zation there are always a wide range of administrative, executive and support staff positions.
Competition is keen for most of these jobs, particularly in large metropolitan areas, because of the large number of job- seekers attracted by the glamour of this industry. Job prospects are best for appli- cants with a college degree in broadcasting or a related field, and relevant experience, such as work at college radio and television stations or internships at professional sta- tions. In this highly competitive industry, broadcasters are not always willing to pro- vide on-the-job training, and instead seek candidates who can perform the job imme- diately. Many entry-level positions are at smaller broadcast stations; consequently, workers often must change employers, and sometimes relocate, in order to advance. The following is a brief description of the many jobs available in broadcasting: Employees in PROGRAM PRO- DUCTION OCCUPATIONS at televi- sion and radio stations create programs such as news, talk, and music shows. Jobs in this area include:
Assistant producers provide cleri- cal support and background research; assist with the preparation of musical, written, and visual materials; and time productions to make sure that they do not run over schedule. Assistant producers also may operate cameras and other audio and video equipment. Video editors select and assemble pre-taped video to create a finished pro- gram, applying sound and special effects as necessary. Conventional editing requires assembling pieces of videotape in a linear fashion to create a finished product. The editor first assembles the beginning of the program, and then, works sequentially towards the end. Newer computerized edit- ing allows an editor to electronically cut and paste video segments. This electronic tech- nique is known as nonlinear editing because the editor is no longer restricted to working sequentially; a segment may be moved at any time to any location in the program. Producers plan and develop live or taped productions, determining how the show will look and sound. They select the script, talent, sets, props, lighting, and other production elements. Producers also coordinate the activities of on-air personali- ties, production staff, and other personnel.
S A L U D O S 88 H I S P A N O S
Web site or Internet producers, a relative- ly new occupation in the broadcasting industry, plan and develop Internet sites that provide news updates, program schedules, and information about popular shows. These producers decide what will appear on the Internet sites, and design and maintain them. Announcers read news items and provide other information, such as program schedules and station breaks for commer- cials or public service information. Many radio announcers are referred to as disc jockeys; they play recorded music on radio stations. Disc jockeys may take requests from listeners; interview guests; and com- ment on the music, weather, or traffic. Most stations now have placed all of their adver- tisements, sound bites, and music on a com- puter, which is used to select and play or edit the items. Technological advances have simplified the monitoring and adjusting of the transmitter, leaving disc jockeys respon- sible for most of the tasks associated with keeping a station on the air. Traditional tapes and CDs are used only as backups in case of a computer failure. Announcers and disc jockeys need a good speaking voice; the latter also need a significant knowledge of music.
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