SUPPLIER’S PERSPECTIVE/供应商观点 Exhaust Air in Diecasting Facilities
压铸铸造行业的废气净化—新的节能技术使得生态效益 的增幅超过80%
A new World Health Organization report was released
in March 2014. It stated in 2012 around 7 million people died—one in eight of total global deaths—as a result of exposure to air pollution. Air pollution continues to pose a significant threat to worldwide health. For example, smog hangs heavy over Beijing and Shanghai, where children face asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Awareness of and re- sponsibility toward air pollution are needed more than ever. Today’s metalcasters must deal with high restrictions and
challenging regulations when planning new investments, especially diecasting facilities. Exhaust air and air qual- ity inside buildings have to be considered. Even if foundry management is not accounting for the environmental consequences that are created by polluted exhaust air, the company will soon realize consequences inside the foundry from low air quality. Te conventional extraction of the exhaust air is still com-
tems can lead to a significant improvement in the company’s balance sheet. Besides, clean air at the workplace increases productivity, motivation and overall health of employees.
mon practice in many metalcasting facilities. In these cases, the exhaust air is captured and (often without being filtered) transported to the outside. Tis provides a small improve- ment of the air quality inside the hall, but only means a shift of air pollutants to outdoors. In addition, letting polluted air disperse in the hall before being filtered allows aerosols will be deposited on products and machinery. Te movement of large amounts of air is necessary in this case. Also, a large amount of exhaust air implicates high energy consumptions for the exhaust and inlet ventilation systems. At the same time, this method increases heating costs during the winter, because the transported air to outdoors must be replaced with the same amount of fresh air from outside. Tese facts increase a company’s operation costs and carbon dioxide (CO2
The Simple Solution Tree technical arrangements are necessary to reduce
systems in diecasting foundries. 1) Te first important approach is reducing the amount of exhaust air through the use of “smart” smoke extraction devices, which enable the detection and extraction of air pollution directly at the source. Te indoor air will not be polluted and no suction of a much higher air volume is required. Lowering the amount of exhaust that needs to be purified lowers energy costs. Tailored hoods or space-saving air curtains over diecast- ing machines can be used as smoke extraction hoods. Tey are optimally adapted in terms of their absorptive capacity to the smoke emissions of the molding cycle. When and how much
energy consumption, decrease CO2 exhaust and supply air
2014年3月，世界卫生组织的最新报告新鲜出炉： 在2012年间，大约有700万人口因空气污染严重而死 亡——占全世界死亡人数的八分之一。空气污染持续对 全球健康构成严重威胁。中国的许多大城市都面临此等 问题：例如：北京和上海被雾霾笼罩。而生长在这两个 城市的孩子，大多患有哮喘和其它呼吸道疾病，因此， 高度警惕环境问题，负责治理空气污染，刻不容缓，特 别是工业部门，更不能小觑。
) emissions. Te use of energy-efficient air filtration sys-
因此，当前在规划新的投资，尤其是类似压铸铸造厂 等工业投资时，将会面临更高的条件限制和条例挑战。 因为铸造厂中的机器会产生油腻和膏糊状的烟雾和气溶 胶，这两种废气对建筑物内外空气产生污染，并已经引 起大家的重视。即使铸造厂管理层不考虑废气对环境造 成的影响，那么很快公司也很快就会意识到因铸造厂工 作场所低质量空气而对于人员造成的伤害。 在铸造厂， 将废气抽取排放到室外仍然是大家习惯的 做法。先前在车间已经蔓延的废气——被捕获，然后排放 到室外（通常是未经过滤的废气）。这种做法对于车间内 的空气质量有一定的改善作用，但这也意味着空气污染被 转移到了户外。此外，在废气排放至户外前，让未经过滤 的废气在车间内任意排放，油腻的气溶胶等物质更容易吸 附在产品和昂贵的机器上，继而造成很高的维护成本。在 这种情况下，加大空气量运动很有必要，特别是当空气流 量为室内体积的十倍时，室内空气的质量将会有小幅的改 进。然而，大量的排气同时也意味着排气和进气通风系统 能源消耗增加。同时，这种方法在冬季会导致供热成本高 昂，因为排放到室外的空气量必须用相同数量的外界新鲜 空气予以代替。这些事实使得公司的营运成本增加，同时 大量二氧化碳排放也引起环境超负荷。使用节能空气过滤 系统可在此两个方面大大改善公司的资产负债表。此外， 工作场所空气的净化提高了劳动生产率和工作积极性，也 降低了员工的患病可能性。
铸造厂避免空气污染最简单的解决办法 三个技术部署对减少压铸铸造厂或与之相关的能源消 耗以及二氧化碳排放和空气供给系统的问题，为提高工 厂的产能以及为社会环境的净化创造干净的空气。。 1) 第一个重要途径是通过使用“智能”排烟设备 来减少必要的总排气量。排烟设备可直接从源头检测和 抽取污染的空气。通过此种方法可防止污染室内空气， 因而，不需要吸入较高的空气量。需要净化的排气量越 低，能源成本就越低。压铸机上定制的防烟头罩或节省 空间的风幕机被当做排烟头罩放置。排烟设备依照其吸
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FOUNDRY-PLANET.COM | MODERN CASTING | CHINA FOUNDRY ASSOCIATION June 2014
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