Ratify and implement the Kyoto protocol
Political options
> Commit to reduce national emissions
Enforce national reduction targets
Controversial
Take part in international coordination
Needs international
programmes to reduce emissions
coordination Small loops for production,
(in transport, industry, etc.)
Carbon sequestration capacity
consumption, waste
management ...
Offset unavoidable emissions
of vegetation will attain maximum
in a few decades
Priority to
local networks
Planting trees (carbon sinks)
and
diversification
Finance projects in non-Annex I
of energy
countries under the Clean
sources
Combine all local possibilities
for clean energies
Development Mechanism
Local / City scale
Construction Urban planning
Establish sustainability
Limit urban sprawl
criteria for buildings
Subsidize collective housing in city centres
Subsidize the construction
Subsidize the rehabilitation of unused or insalubrious buildings
of low-energy buildings
in city centres
Subsidize insulations of existing
Discourage real estate speculation in city centres
buildings
High housing tax for non-occupied building (office space in particular)
Promote local and
ecological building materials
Use city and or state pre-emption rights to acquire land or buildings
in town centres, for allocation to affordable collective housing
Set public buildings as an
Make this goal a priority in official urban planning documents
example
Control and limit the use of cars in city centres
Waste management
Develop pedestrian zones
Develop bicycle lanes and parks
“Less waste” policies
Build car parks on city outskirts, close to public transport nodes
Support ecodesign projects
Widen pavements, making them easy for everyone to use
(easy dismantling and recycling) (handicapped, strollers, etc.)
Support takeback campaigns Decentralize and multiply service hubs (reducing the need for travel)
Organize sorting and recycling
Public transport
of waste
Expand the public transport network
Energy recovery from waste Run a reliable, regular service (timetables, punctuality)
To heat buildings
Make it affordable (subsidies, reduced prices)
To run industrial processes Make it easy for everyone to use (handicapped, strollers, etc.)
Source: Emmanuelle Bournay, UNEP/GRID-Arendal inspired from the report “Mitigation of Climate Change”,
Working Group III, Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007.
Adaptation and mitigation 47
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