Decline in permafrost
Increase in dry areas globally
Deviation in the extent of frozen ground
Dry areas in % of total area Spatial coverage: 75N-60S
in the Northern hemisphere
40%
Million square kilometres
2.0 35%
1.5
Increase
30%
1.0
0.5
25%
0.0
- 0.5
20%
- 1.0
Decline
15%
- 1.5
2005
- 2.0 10%
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Source: IPCC, 2007.
Source: IPPC, 2007.
Changes in annual precipitation between 1901 and 2004
-20 indicates a 20 % reduction over the course of a century compared to the average calculated for the period from 1961 to1990
Sources: Atlas Environnement du Monde Diplomatique, 2007, GRID-Arendal, 2005
Present changes, causes and observed impacts 11
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