Global greenhouse gas emissions (2004)
Greenhouse gases
The Kyoto Protocol, the international climate change
F-gases: 1.1%
agreement
1
lists six greenhouse gases (or groups of
gases) whose emissions signatories to the Protocol
N
agree to reduce. There are also other GHGs apart from
2
O
7.9%
the ones covered by the Protocol. But these six gases/
CH
groups of gases make up a big chunk of overall GHG
4
14.3%
emissions from human activities and are the most rel-
evant in terms of immediate human responsibility:
Other CO
2
2.8%
56.6% Fossil fuel
carbon dioxide (CO
use
2
)
methane (CH
4
)
Deforestation 17.3% CO
2
nitrous oxide (N
2
O)
sulphur hexafluoride (SF
6
)
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
Source: IPCC, 2007. perfluorocarbons (PFCs)
The last three (SF
6
, HFCs and PFCs) are sometimes
Global greenhouse gas emissions by sector (2004)
known collectively as F-gases.
Waste and
wastewater
Global greenhouse gas emissions from human activi-
Residential and 2.8%
ties have grown since pre-industrial times, with an in-
commercial buildings
crease of 70 per cent between 1970 and 2004. Global
7.9 %
atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO
2
),
methane (CH
4
) and nitrous oxide (N
2
O) have risen mark-
Transport Energy supply
edly because of human activities since 1750 – the year
13.1 % 25.9 %
1. The Kyoto Protocol sets the rules and procedures needed
Agriculture
to achieve the ultimate objective of the Convention, which is:
13.5 %
Industry “(...) to achieve, (...), stabilization of greenhouse gas concentra-
19.4 %
tions in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent danger-
Forestry
ous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.” Such
17.4 % a level should be achieved within a time frame sufficient to allow
ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that
Source: IPCC, 2007.
food production is not threatened and to enable economic de-
velopment to proceed in a sustainable manner.
18 Planet in Peril
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