What’s in the Draſt Agreement
STAGE ONE Iran would release American prisoners in
exchange for unfreezing about $7 billion in Iranian assets.
STAGE TWO Congress has 30 days to approve the deal with a simple majority. If it refuses, President Biden could approve it using a veto override.
STAGE THREE Sixty days after congressional approval,
the U.S. would give a one-time sanctions exemption allowing Iran to sell 50 million barrels of oil and would lift sanctions on energy and aviation transactions.
STAGE FOUR The U.S. lifts “harsh remaining sanctions.”
Iran places most of its advanced uranium centrifuges in storage. Iran would not destroy centrifuges or send any out of the country.
uranium-235 for the fi rst time, a level much closer to weapons grade. A particularly sensitive issue is
Iran’s rejection of language to stop try- ing to kill U.S. citizens. Congress is angry at Iranian plots
to assassinate former National Secu- rity Council Adviser John Bolton and former Secretary of State Mike Pom- peo, and two attempts to kill Iranian- American journalist and human rights activist Masih Alinejad from her home in New York City. Hillel Neuer, an international
lawyer and human rights activist, summed up increased hostility to the nuclear talks with Iran after the sec-
ond Iranian attempt to kill Alinejad in the tweet pictured below. In September, 50 House members
— an unprecedented 34 Democrats and 16 Republicans — wrote to Biden expressing their “deep concern” about U.S. concessions in the draft nuclear deal, especially lifting terrorism-relat- ed sanctions. In addition, 33 Republican senators
sent a letter to the president express- ing their grave reservations with the draft deal and demanding it be sub- mitted for approval by Congress. Biden administration offi cials tried
to reassure Congress about the draft nuclear deal in August by claiming
Israel supported it. Israeli offi cials quickly disputed
this, making clear that if implement- ed, Israel would not halt its eff orts to stop Iran’s pursuit of nuclear weapons, implying that Israeli sabotage of Ira- nian nuclear facilities would continue. In addition, over 5,000 former
senior Israeli defense offi cers wrote to Biden saying the deal would be a “windfall to Iranian terror.” This pressure appeared to convince
the president to cease off ering Iran more concessions. As of now, the next steps are uncer-
tain. Indirect negotiations in Vien- na could resume over the next few months. It is possible that the Biden admin- istration will make major new conces- sions to Iran to get an agreement after the midterm election. However,
U.S. officials are and pessimistic
European because
they believe the hardening of Iran’s demands raises doubts about its will- ingness to ever conclude a deal.
Fred Fleitz is vice chair of the Center for American Security and former deputy assistant to the president. He served in the CIA.
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