Figure 7: Effect of copper on piglet weight gain (Wageningen University)
395 375 100 355 95 335 90 +8% 315 85 295 80 275 15 ppm 160 ppm 15 ppm 160 ppm
Growth performance of poultry In the European Union, dietary copper is supplied for poultry up to a maximum of 25 mg Cu/kg, which is higher than animal requirements estimated at less than 10 mg/kg according to scientific bodies. In other world areas, inclusion of 125 to 250 ppm copper sulphate as growth promoting agent is quite popular if allowed. However, literature shows variable results from high copper sulphate supplementation levels on broiler performance. These effects can be positive, neutral but also negative. This response has been recently tested in Barcelona University, not only with copper sulphate but also with CoRouge®
at 2
levels of supplemented copper : 15 and 150 mg/kg. 384 one day male Ross broilers were raised with 12 chicks/pen and 8 pens/treatment. Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly. After 35 days of supplementation at 150 mg/kg, only CoRouge®
increased growth
performance. Growth of birds fed 15 or 150 mg Cu/kg as copper sulphate was
15 ppm 150 ppm 15 ppm 150 ppm
not affected. Only supplementation with 150 mg Cu/kg as CoRouge® improved feed efficiency, resulting in increased final BW. Further studies are planned to better understand how the source of copper can impact broiler performance.
CONCLUSION Copper is an essential nutrient for livestock animals, but is also under scrutiny by the authorities due to its possible effect on environmental accumulation and development of microbial resistance. The feed industry is forced to improve current practices in order to find a compromise between animal performance and sustainability. Despite widespread usage over decades, the modes of action and dose responses of copper supplementation are still debated. New doses and sources of phytase raise new questions on interactions with macro and microminerals. With the authorisation of dicopper oxide (CoRouge®
), nutritionists have a unique opportunity to utilise this
innovative source of copper and to accompany regulatory changes in the European Union.
Conference for the feed sector to discuss the reduction of antimicrobial resistance
Around half of the antibiotics used in Europe are administered to animals. This has resulted in a rising resistance of pathogens to antibiotics – one of the biggest and most urgent challenges currently facing the feed industry. The sixth international Feed Conference to be staged by Akademie Fresenius is entirely focussed on how animal nutrition can contribute to reducing antimicrobial resistance by concentrating on preventing animals from becoming ill and requiring antibiotic treatment. For their two-day conference on 20 and 21 March 2018, Akademie Fresenius has won the support of a panel of top-ranking representatives from the research sector, the industry, the European Commission and the European Food Safety Authority EFSA. Representatives from Brussels will be providing the participants
with an overview of the plans and efforts of the European Commission to contain antimicrobial resistance and will also be outlining feed
additive measures and new approaches to new groups. In addition, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) will be reporting on new developments in the risk assessment of feed additives and the revision of the guidance documents. This will be followed by a team of experts who will be talking about the opportunities and risks of integrating the guidance documents in Belgium, Denmark and Spain. Also on the agenda: Probiotics, Physiological basics and industrial developments. The following questions will be answered: What can we expect the pharmaceutical industry to come up with – and are there any new developments with respect to what microbiota can do for animal health? This will include innovative approaches to diarrhoea disorders, genetic influence as well as the challenges facing the organic livestock sector. Full programme details are available online:
www.akademie-fresenius.com/2460
FEED COMPOUNDER JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 37
■ CuSO4 ■ CoRouge®
ADG 0-35 days +3% 105
Figure 8: Effect of copper on broiler growth (Barcelona University)
Effect of copper on broiler growth (Barcelona University) 110
■ CuSO4 ■ CoRouge®
+6.4%
g/day
%
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