COPPER IN ANIMAL NUTRITION: a new choice with CoRouge® Part II


By Valérie Kromm and Stéphane Durosoy CoRouge® , the red source of cuprous oxide, newly authorized in


the EU, was introduced in the previous issue (Feed Compounder November/December 2017, p. 24). This monovalent source of copper is characterised by superior technological properties but also by some specific chemical properties differentiating it from other feed grade source of copper. High bioavailability and improved animal performance have been shown in University studies.


Highest copper concentration As the copper content is the highest in CoRouge®


decrease the quantity of stored products which are classified as dangerous for the environment. This is even more critical with the current replacement of ethoxyquin, recently banned, by classified synthetic antioxidants.


(75%), it offers many


advantages for the feed industry: -less space in premixes -less warehousing -less transportation Like other metallic compounds, copper compounds are highly


regulated feed additives. They are classified as hazardous chemicals according to the Regulations on Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP). The new CLP classification of copper based products will apply from 1 March 2018.


Figure 1: CLP pictograms of copper compounds Chemical form


CAS Number


Lower contamination levels in heavy metals All copper feed grade sources must comply with stringent regulation on undesirable substances. Heavy metals and dioxins are the most critical risks for the feed and food chain. The higher the copper concentration, the lower is the contribution to contamination in the feed. Figure 2 illustrates this advantage with the example of lead.


Figure 2. Relative contribution of copper sources to Pb content in the complete feed


Copper


concentration (%)


Copper sulphate, pentahydrate* Copper chelate of amino acids Copper bilysinate


Copper chelate of hydroxy analogue of methionine Copper chelate of glycine


Dicopper chloride trihydroxide Copper carbonate


Copper(I) oxide (CoRouge®) * Benchmark at 100 %


Corresponding CLP pictograms Copper(I) oxide (CoRouge®) 1317-39-1 Copper sulphate pentahydrate 7758-99-8 Dicopper chloride trihydroxide (TBCC) 1332-65-6


Non water soluble copper source There are many advantages in favour of non-water soluble compounds, under the condition that they are enough solubilized in the proximal part of the digestive tract for intestinal uptake. Copper sulphate is well known for its hygroscopicity. Metal sulphates are water soluble compounds and as such they can create negative interactions in the premix and in the gut. Already in the early 2000’s, it had been shown that metal oxides were less aggressive on vitamin stability when mixed in vitamin/ mineral premixes. Since, vitamin manufacturers have improved their stability so that they are less sensitive to negative effects from other


Copper carbonate 1184-64-1


Figure 3: Vitamin A stability in a piglet premix Vitamin A stability in a piglet premix


4.5 -5% 4


Copper chelate of amino acids Copper chelate of glycine


Copper chelate of hydroxy analogue of methionine


No


chemical formula


To be determined 3.5 3 The highest Cu concentration in CoRouge® is of special interest


for premix manufacturers who are concerned by Seveso III Directive. Replacing other Cu sources by CoRouge®


gives an opportunity to PAGE 34 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2018 FEED COMPOUNDER 2.5 2 D0 D90 D180 -17%


-16% -27%


Animine Sulphates


25 % 15 % 15 % 18% 25% 55 % 55 %


75 %


Maximumauthorised Pb concentration (ppm)


100 100 100 100 100 100 200


200


Relative contribution to lead content in the feed


100 % 170 % 170 % 139 % 100 % 45 % 90 %


66 %


UI


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