Feature: Simulation
One of the nice features of TINA is that the simulated circuit can easily be implemented on a PCB with auto-placement and auto- routing capabilities
• Te purchase of electronic components and instruments is usually costly. A large number of similar components and instruments are usually required for a group of students doing the same experiments, which increases costs.
• It is well known that the characteristics of electronic components change with age and temperature, and this can result in unexpected errors in experiments.
• Physical instruments can easily be damaged, for example by dropping them. Similarly, components can be damaged by applying too-large voltages across them.
Electronic circuit simulation using TINA
By Dr Dogan Ibrahim, Professor, Near East University, Cyprus
L
aboratories are an important and integral part of all university engineering courses. Students put into practise the complex theory they have learned in their lectures, and this gives them the chance to apply the theory to real-world projects. Circuit theory is a core subject and a fundamental
part of all electrical and electronic engineering courses. In conventional laboratory experiments, it is required to purchase electronic components and instruments and use them to build circuits, and then carry out experiments using these circuits. However, although physical laboratory experiments are very useful, there are some associated problems:
20 December/January 2021
www.electronicsworld.co.uk
• It may not always be possible to find the required components, and students may have to wait long times before they can build their projects.
• High voltages can cause electric shock; students must observe and follow the laboratory safety rules. An instructor should be present to give guidance and check students’ circuits before power is applied.
• Laboratory instruments need periodic calibration, and this can be costly, too. Also, the instruments are not available for use during the calibration process. As an alternative to using physical instruments and components,
most engineering laboratories nowadays offer computer simulation of circuits. A simulator is basically a computer program that simulates the behaviour of a real circuit. It includes accurate soſtware models of instruments and components. Students pick the required components and virtual instruments, and join them to form the required circuit. Te simulation is then started, which displays the circuit behaviour in terms of AC and DC analysis, transient response, noise response, and so on. Using a simulator instead of physical components has the
following advantages: • Te components and virtual instruments are computer programs and therefore there are no cost issues.
• Any electronic component can easily be modelled with a simulator. As a result, there is no need to purchase components.
• Since the virtual instruments and components used in a simulator are programs, they can’t be damaged, for example by connecting them wrongly or by applying high voltages across them.
• Tere are no calibration problems associated with the virtual instruments and as a result the instruments are always available with the same specifications.
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