Trans RINA, Vol 161, Part A4, Intl J Maritime Eng, Oct-Dec 2019


criteria are determined as the strongest criterions as T1, T3 and T4 in the rest of the analysis.


After all these evaluations, the final sub-criteria for the S, W, O and T factors are presented in Table 5 together with their normalized weights:


Table 5. Weight values for sub-criteria Criterion S1


Explanation Be Surrounded By Seas S3


Maritime Population In Turkey (Maritime Companies, Shipbuilding, Fishing, Sea Tourism, Water Sports, etc.)


S5 W1 W3 W5 O1 O4 O5


T1 T3


T4


Level of Institutions / Organizations Providing Maritime Security and Safety (Naval Forces, Coast Guard, Coastal Safety) Of Turkey


Lack Of Historical Part Of Turkish Maritime Trade


Shortage of Academic Staff In Maritime Field


Low Number Of Qualified Educational Institutions and Organizations


Taking Orders in the Shipbuilding Industry


Participation in International Institutions and Organizations (BM- IMO, EU-EMSA)]


Increasing The Number And Quality Of The Institutions and Schools Related With Maritime Education


Not Providing The Security Of The Seas


Pollution In The Marine Zones


Not Enough Capability Of Docking Ships or Yachts in Ports, Harbor and Marinas


international agreements and cooperation’s on the use of resources in the surrounding seas can use its strengths to catch opportunities.”


Weight 0,394


0,356


WO strategy from these strategies can be formed as; “Turkey as having a short historical background of maritime trade, don’t have enough number of academic staff trained in maritime and good quality maritime education centers/institutions, keeps up with the commercial and economic developments in and around the region, takes orders in the shipbuilding industry, goes to international agreements and cooperation’s on the use of resources in the surrounding seas can use opportunities to eliminate its weaknesses.”


0,249 0,426 0,250 0,323 0,448 0,263 0,288


0,303 0,201


0,495


After this evaluation process, the SWOT matrix shown in Table 6 was developed with the help of these three most important criteria for each SWOT factor. The aim of this study is to determine the most appropriate strategy for Turkey's maritime transportation policy. Thus, the alternative strategies developed were also shown in the matrix.


SO strategy from these strategies can be named as; “Turkey as surrounded by seas, has the population interested in maritime, has good institutions/organizations that can ensure maritime safety and security, keeps up with the commercial and economic developments in and around the region, takes orders in the shipbuilding industry, goes to


In determining these strategies, the possible combinations of the SWOT matrix and the general characteristics of the four main strategies in the literature were taken into consideration. Combinations of these strategies are intended to prevent or eliminate threats, exploiting or using strengths, eliminating or empowering weaknesses and exploiting or catching opportunities (Weihrich, 1982).


One of these strategies was chosen by using AHP method. At this point, the hierarchical structure of the study was formed as in Figure 1. When the hierarchy is examined, the determination of the appropriate strategy as the “Purpose” is at the top, the criteria as “S, W, O and T” and their sub-criteria are in the middle and the alternatives as “SO, WO, ST and WT” are at the bottom.


The experts were asked to compare the main criteria of S, W, O and T in hierarchy in terms of determining the most appropriate strategy. In the comparisons, evaluations of four of the eight experts were consistent (CR2: 0.059; CR6: 0.030; CR7: 0.037 and CR8: 0.037). The final weights were obtained by taking the arithmetic average of the weights obtained from the binary comparisons of consistent decision makers. These weights are for S, W, O and T respectively (0,410), (0,105), (0,360) and (0,124).


ST strategy from these strategies can be identified as; “Turkey as surrounded by seas, has the population interested in maritime, has good institutions/organizations that can ensure maritime safety and security, prevents security-related incidents in the surrounding seas, expands the ports and marinas to get enough ships and overcomes the economic crisis in the maritime sector can use its strengths to eliminate threats.”


WT strategy from these strategies can be composed as; “Turkey as having a short historical background of maritime trade, don’t have enough number of academic staff trained in maritime and good quality maritime education centers/institutions, prevents security-related incidents in the surrounding seas, expands the ports and marinas to get enough ships and overcomes the economic crisis in the maritime sector can foresee its weaknesses to avoid threats.”


A-444


©2019: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects


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