NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION Newton’s First Law of Motion: The Law of Inertia
Static and Dynamic Equilibrium
Newton’s Second Law of Motion: The Law of Acceleration
Mass, Force, and Acceleration
Newton’s Third Law of Motion: The Law of Action–Reaction
Ground Reaction Forces
WORK-ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS Potential and Kinetic Energy
Learning Outcomes After reading this chapter, the learner will be able to:
4.1 Explain Newton’s laws of inertia, acceleration, and action–reaction and how they apply to human motion. 4.2 Compare and contrast static and dynamic equilibrium. 4.3 Discuss the concept of acceleration. 4.4 Define moment of inertia. 4.5 Describe how mass and force influence acceleration of an object. 4.6 Discuss ground reaction forces in terms of action and reaction. 4.7 Explain the relationship between work and energy using the concepts of potential and kinetic energy. 4.8 Relate the concept of power to human movement. 4.9 Describe the concepts of first-class, second-class, and third-class levers, and give examples of these systems in the human body.
4.10 Demonstrate the concepts of mechanical advantage. 4.11 Identify anatomical pulleys in the musculoskeletal system and explain their role in increasing mechanical advantage of muscles.
