REGIONAL SPINAL CHARACTERISTICS Cervical Region Thoracic Region
Lumbar Region Sacral Region
SPINAL MUSCLES Posterior Spinal Muscles
Anterior Spinal Muscles SPINAL MUSCLE STABILIZATION AND ALIGNMENT
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Learning Outcomes After reading this chapter, the learner will be able to:
5.1 Discuss the general purpose and function of the spine. 5.2 Describe the primary and secondary spinal curves. 5.3 Name and describe the general features of a vertebra in terms of its bony structures, ligaments, and joints. 5.4 Discuss the specific curves, bony and ligament structures, kinematics, and muscle function for the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spinal regions.
5.5 Explain the role muscles play in spine stabilization in terms of deep stabilizers and primary movers. 5.6 Understand how malalignment of specific spinal areas affects postural alignment of other areas.
