Task 10: There are three main structures which can be used with a cause and effect essay. These are outlined below. Which do you think is used in the essay in Part 3?
Type 1: Multiple causes leading to one effect Type 2: One cause leading to multiple effects Type 3: Causal chain/domino The table below shows the three main types of cause and effect essay which can be used.
Type 1: Multiple causes leading to one effect
Para 1: Air pollution leads to people suffering from more breathing illnesses.
Para 2: Air pollution results in cities which are less pleasant environments in which to live.
Para 3: Air pollution can lead to acid rain, which can cause serious damage to plants and buildings.
Type 2: One cause leading to multiple effects
Para 1: Burning too many fossil fuels and our dependence on coal and oil have led to air pollution.
Para 2: The rapid growth of cities and the poor transport infrastructure in many of them means more air pollution.
Para 3: Normal environmental events, such as forest fires and erupting volcanoes, also cause air pollution.
Type 3: Causal chain/domino
Para 1: Air pollution leads to a massive increase in the quantity of greenhouse gases emitted.
Para 2: Increased greenhouses gases lead to more heat radiated back to Earth, and higher temperatures.
Para 3: Higher temperatures lead to the melting of ice, and disastrous flooding across the world.
Task 11: The language in the box below is commonly used in cause and effect essays. Place the words/phrases under the correct heading in the table according to whether it introduces causes or introduces effects. One example is done for you.
Owing to … The main reasons for this are … One reason for this is … Hence … As … This is caused by …
Introduces causes Owing to …
This is because/due to … As a result, … Consequently, … Therefore, … So … Since …
Thus … This means that … The result of this is … The consequence of X is …
Introduces effects Therefore, …
116
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137
